Isingeniso Ungakwazi yini ukuhlukanisa i-aluminiyamu, i-aluminium eyinhloko, i-aluminiyamu ye-electrolytic, ingot ye-aluminium ne-alumina?

Isingeniso Ungakwazi yini ukuhlukanisa i-aluminiyamu, i-aluminium eyinhloko, i-aluminiyamu ye-electrolytic, ingot ye-aluminium ne-alumina?

Isingeniso Ungakwazi yini ukuhlukanisa i-aluminiyamu, i-aluminium eyinhloko, i-aluminiyamu ye-electrolytic, ingot ye-aluminium ne-alumina?
Yethula kafushane i-aluminium, i-aluminium eyinhloko, i-aluminiyamu ye-electrolytic, ingot ye-aluminium, i-aluminium oxide kanye nomehluko phakathi kwakho. Uma unentshisekelo, sicela ufunde phansi!

I-Electrolytic aluminium iyindlela yokuncibilikisa i-aluminium yensimbi. Ngokuvamile, i-alumina iboliswa ibe yi-aluminiyamu yensimbi ngamandla aphezulu kuseli le-electrolytic.

Ama-ingots e-aluminium ahlukaniswe abe ama-ingots e-aluminium ahlanzekile kakhulu, ama-aluminium alloy ingots neziyingo ze-aluminium ezincibilikisiwe ngokuya ngokwakheka kwazo. Ngokusho kokuma nobukhulu bayo, ingahlukaniswa ngama-ingots ayindilinga, ama-slab ingots, ama-bar ingots, ama-ingots amise okwe-T nokunye.

I-Aluminium iyinsimbi emhlophe esiliva, ikleliswe endaweni yesithathu ngemva kwe-oksijini ne-silicon oqweqweni lomhlaba. I-Aluminium ibizwa ngensimbi elula ngenxa yokuminyana kwayo okuphansi. I-Aluminium iyinsimbi engeyona insimbi enokukhishwa okuphezulu nokusebenza okubanzi, okwesibili ngemuva kwensimbi emhlabeni. Ukuminyana kwe-aluminium cishe ku-1/3 yaleyo yensimbi nethusi. Ngenxa yokuthi i-aluminium yenziwe ngezinto ezingasindi, ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza, izitimela, izitimela ezihamba ngaphansi, izimoto, izindiza, imikhumbi, amarokhethi, nezinye izimoto zokuhamba zomhlaba, ulwandle kanye nezomoya ukuze kuncishiswe isisindo somuntu siqu kanye nokwandisa umthamo wokulayisha. Ngokufanayo, i-aluminium nayo idlala indima ebalulekile emikhiqizweni yezempi.

I-alumina, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-alumina, iyimpushana emhlophe. I-aluminium eyinhloko iyi-aluminium ewuketshezi ekhishwe ngesikhathi sokuhlaziywa kwe-electrolysis futhi ayizange iphathwe ukwelashwa kwemvula. Kumodeli ye-ingot ye-aluminium ekhonjiwe, i-aluminium eyinhloko ingaguqulwa ibe ingot ye-aluminium ngokwelashwa okupholisa. Ngakho-ke, i-alumina iyimpahla eluhlaza ye-aluminium encibilikisiwe, i-aluminiyamu ye-electrolytic iyinqubo, i-aluminium eyinhloko iyi-aluminium encibilikisiwe ohlelweni lwe-electrolysis, futhi i-aluminium ingots yimikhiqizo ye-aluminium engagcina ithengiswe emakethe.

I-Electrolytic aluminium i-aluminium etholwe nge-electrolysis. Imboni yesimanje ye-electrolytic aluminium isebenzisa i-cryolite-alumina encibilikisiwe kasawoti kasawoti. I-cryolite encibilikisiwe iyi-solvent, i-alumina iyi-solute, umzimba wekhabhoni i-anode, kanti i-aluminium encibilikisiwe iyi-cathode. Ngemva kokufaka umsinga oqondile oqinile, izigxobo ezimbili kuseli ye-electrolytic zithola ukusabela kwe-electrochemical ku-950 ~ 970 ukuze kusetshenziswe i-electrolysis.

I-Industrial aluminium ingot: Izinto ezingavuthiwe embonini yethu yansuku zonke zibizwa nge-aluminium ingot ngokwendinganiso kazwelonke (GB/T 1196-2008), kodwa wonke umuntu ujwayele ukuyibiza ngokuthi "yokuphinda kuncibilike". Ikhiqizwa yi-electrolysis ye-alumina-cryolite. Ngemuva kokuthi ama-aluminium ingots afake izicelo zezimboni, kunezinhlobo ezimbili: ama-alloys e-aluminium ekhonjiwe kanye nama-alloys e-aluminium akhubazekile. I-Cast aluminium kanye ne-aluminium alloys ama-castings akhiqizwa ngezindlela zokuphonsa.

I-aluminium ekhubazekile ne-aluminium alloys yimikhiqizo ecutshungulwayo ye-aluminium ekhiqizwa ngezindlela zokucubungula ingcindezi: amapuleti, amapheshana, ama-foil, amashubhu, izinduku, isikhunta, izintambo, nama-forging. Ngokwendinganiso kazwelonke, "ukusetshenziswa kabusha kwe-remelting" kuhlukaniswe ngamamaki angu-8 ngokusho kwamakhemikhali, okungukuthi i-aluminium 99.90, i-aluminium 99.85, i-aluminium 99.70, i-aluminium 99.60, i-aluminium 99.50, i-aluminium 99.00, i-aluminium 99.7I-aluminium 99.7I-aluminium emva kwe-aluminium. Okuqukethwe kwe-aluminium). Abanye abantu bakubiza ngokuthi “A00″ i-aluminium, empeleni eyi-aluminium emsulwa engu-99.7%. Ibizwa ngokuthi "i-aluminium ejwayelekile" emakethe yaseLondon. Njengoba sonke sazi, izindinganiso zobuchwepheshe zaseShayina zavela endaweni yangaphambili yeSoviet Union ngeminyaka yawo-1950. , “I-A00″ iwuphawu lwesiRashiya ngokwendinganiso kazwelonke yaseSoviet, u-“A” uwuhlamvu lwesiRashiya, hhayi elithi “A” lesiNgisi, noma i-pinyin yesiShayina elithi “A”. Uma ihlangabezana nezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe, ibizwa ngokuthi “i-aluminium evamile”. Inembile. I-aluminium evamile ingot ye-aluminium, equkethe u-99.7% we-aluminium, ebhaliswe endaweni ye-alumina-aluminium ehlanganisiwe emakethe yaseLondon. ka-2054 kanye nephuzu elibilayo lika-2980. I-crystal ye-ionic engakwazi ukufakwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu Ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza izinto eziphikisayo ze-Industrial alumina zenziwe nge-bauxite (Al2O 33H2O) ne-diaspore nge-alumina enezidingo zokuhlanzeka okuphezulu, ngokuvamile ilungiswa ngezindlela zamakhemikhali.

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