Ukuqinisa ukuguqulwa kwamaxabiso ombane, imboni ye-aluminium ye-electrolytic igcina njani amandla kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa?
Ngomhla wama-27 kweyeThupha, iKomishoni yoPhuhliso noHlaziyo yeSizwe yakhupha “iSaziso kuMgaqo-nkqubo weXabiso loMbane weNyathelo neNyathelo kuShishino lweAluminiyam ye-Electrolytic”, olukukuphunyezwa okubambekayo kwendlela yelizwe eyongezelelekileyo yamaxabiso ohlaza kunye nokudlala ngokupheleleyo kwendima ekhokelayo yeempawu zexabiso lombane. Abahlalutyi bathe ilizwe lam lokuzinzisa uhlaziyo lwexabiso lombane luya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuthazeni ukonga umbane ngokuqhubekayo kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwemveliso ye-aluminiyam ye-electrolytic yelizwe lam, ukuphucula ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokunceda ukufezekisa injongo ye-carbon peak kunye nokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni.
Wang Xianwei, umphandi China Securities Investment Futures Industrial Products Division, wathi isaziso sinempembelelo enkulu ngokwentelekiso kwiinkampani aluminiyam electrolytic kuquka: okokuqala, wanyathela umbane ixabiso lokuhlelwa kunye nemigangatho yokunyusa ixabiso, kwaye okwesibini, ukuthintela ukuphunyezwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo yexabiso lombane olukhethekileyo kushishino lwe-aluminiyam electrolytic.
Ngokukodwa, inqaku lokuqala kukuhlela amaxabiso ombane we-electrolytic aluminiyam amaxabiso ombane ngokwendlela ebanzi yokusetyenziswa kwamandla e-AC e-aluminiyam etyhidiweyo. "Umgangatho wangoku wokuhlelwa yi-13,650 kWh ngetoni nganye. Phantse onke amashishini asekhaya e-aluminiyam ye-electrolytic angahlangabezana nalo mgangatho kwaye akayi kujongana nomngcipheko wokunyuka kwexabiso kwixesha elifutshane. Umgangatho ka-2023 yi-13,450 kWh, kwaye umgangatho ka-2025 yi-13,300 ye-kWh. ukuphucula.” UWang Xianwei uthe uninzi lweenkampani kufuneka zijongane nolawulo kunye nemiba yokuphucula itekhnoloji ukuba zifuna ukufikelela kumgangatho. Ukongeza, isaziso sikhuthaza iinkampani ze-aluminiyam ye-electrolytic ukunyusa umgangatho wokusetyenziswa kwamandla angenawo amanzi ahlaziyekayo njengamandla omoya kunye nokuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic, kunye nokunciphisa amaxabiso okukhuthaza.
Inqaku lesibini linokuba nempembelelo ebalulekileyo kwiinkampani ezininzi ze-aluminium zangoku, kwaye impembelelo ethe ngqo kukunyuka kweendleko zombane. "Kuyaqondwa ukuba ngenxa yelahleko yexesha elide yamashishini e-aluminium e-electrolytic kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo, uninzi lwamashishini e-aluminium axoxisane norhulumente wasekhaya, iigridi zamandla kunye nezityalo zamandla ombane ukufumana amaxabiso ombane akhethekileyo. Kumashishini anezixhobo zombane ezibonelelwa ngokwazo, isixa esihambelanayo sokusetyenziswa kombane oziveliswayo kuye kwahlawuliswa. Ezi mali zikaRhulumente kunye nezibonelelo zenkqubo eyongeziweyo ziya kurhoxiswa, zonke iintlawulo zomgaqo-nkqubo kaRhulumente kunye neentlawulo ezigqithisiweyo. kwixesha elizayo, kwaye iindleko zemveliso zamashishini ziya kunyuka. " Wang Xianwei uthe.
UGu Fengda, intloko yesebe lophando kunye nokubonisana kweGuoxin Futures, uthe imboni ye-aluminium yelizwe lam iphantsi koxinzelelo lokufikelela kwiinjongo zokufikelela kwincopho yekhabhoni ngo-2025 ngaphambi kweshedyuli. Ngokombono wesakhiwo sokusetyenziswa kwamandla kwishishini le-aluminium, amalahle ngowona mthombo wamandla wokunyibilikisa i-aluminiyam kunye nokucoca i-alumina e-China, ibalelwa kwi-85% yamandla okunyibilikisa i-aluminium kunye ne-87% yamandla okucoca i-alumina. Ikhonkco lonikezelo lwemathiriyeli ekrwada ukusuka emigodini ukuya kunikezelo lubalelwa kwi-22% yokukhutshwa kwegesi yobushushu kwi-aluminiyam yokuqala, apho amalahle athatha ama-68% obonelelo lwamandla okucoca i-alumina. Ukuveliswa kwetoni enye ye-aluminiyam ye-electrolytic iya kuvelisa umyinge weetoni ezili-12 zokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni.
Ngokwembono yokusetyenziswa kwamandla kwishishini le-aluminiyam yehlabathi, imveliso ye-aluminiyam ye-electrolytic yaseChina ithatha malunga ne-55% -60% yemveliso yehlabathi jikelele, kwaye iye yahlala ngokuqinileyo kwisikhundla somvelisi omkhulu we-aluminiyam we-electrolytic kunye nomthengi iminyaka emininzi. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu kwishishini le-aluminium Ikwaxhomekeke kumalahle kunye nezinye izibonelelo njengezinto ezibonakalayo zokuvelisa amandla. Ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga idatha, malunga ne-70% yokukhutshwa kwemveliso ye-aluminium yehlabathi ivela eChina. Ngoko ke, njengenjini ebalulekileyo yokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kwe-aluminium yehlabathi, ishishini le-aluminium yaseChina liya kuba nemisebenzi enzima kuhlengahlengiso lwesakhiwo samandla ngexesha leSicwangciso seMinyaka emihlanu ye-14. Ngokukodwa, uvavanyo lwamaxabiso orhwebo lwekhabhoni yaseYurophu lusondela ngokuthe ngcembe, lujongene noqoqosho olunzima lwezopolitiko lwamazwe ngamazwe. lutyekelo oluqhelekileyo novavanyo oluqatha abajamelana nalo.” Utshilo uGu Fengda.
U-Wang Xianwei ubonise ukuba phantsi kwemvelaphi yokulawulwa kokusetyenziswa kwamandla amabini kunye nekhabhoni ezimbini, amashishini e-aluminium electrolytic, enye yokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu, kufuneka abhekane nohlengahlengiso lwesakhiwo samandla. Isaziso sifanelekile ekukhuthazeni ishishini ukuba liqhubeke nokwandisa utyalo-mali kwinguqu yezobuchwepheshe, ngokuqhubekayo ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni. Kumashishini, nangona aya kujongana neendleko ezikhulayo kwixesha elifutshane, kwixesha elide liya kunceda ukukhawuleza ukuguqulwa kunye nokuphucula kunye nokukhuthaza uphuhliso olunempilo kunye nexesha elide loshishino.
Kuyaqondwa ukuba ukuphunyezwa kwangaphambili komgaqo-nkqubo wexabiso lombane ohlukeneyo kwishishini le-aluminium ye-electrolytic uye wazuza iziphumo, kwaye umgaqo-nkqubo wexabiso lombane odibeneyo uye waphunyezwa ukususela ngo-2013. Ngokombono wesiphumo sokuphunyezwa, umgaqo-nkqubo wexabiso lombane ohlukeneyo uye wadlala indima enhle ekukhuthazeni imboni ye-aluminium ye-electrolytic ukusombulula umthamo ongaphezulu, ukukhuthaza inkqubela phambili yezobuchwepheshe kunye nokuphucula i-industry ye-industrial up, nokuphucula i-industry ye-industrial up and enterprising the industry. inqanaba lokuthotyelwa kwamandla ngokubanzi. Ukuqhutywa kukusebenza kwemigaqo-nkqubo kunye nenkuthazo engapheliyo yamashishini, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwishishini le-aluminium ye-electrolytic kuye kwehla kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla e-AC ngokubanzi ngetoni nganye ye-aluminiyam kunye nee-ingots ze-aluminium zehle ukusuka kwi-14,795 kWh ngo-2004 ukuya kwi-13,543 kWh ngo-2020, ukuhla okungaphezulu kwe-1,200. iiyure Kilowatt.
Olu hlaziyo lomgaqo-nkqubo lulungelelanisa uphuhliso lwangempela loshishino, luqwalasela ubudlelwane phakathi kokugcinwa kwamandla kwiinkqubo zokuvelisa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla kwinguqu yokukhusela indalo, kwaye ihlangabezana neemfuno zenjongo yekhabhoni ezimbini. UGu Fengda uthe emva kweminyaka yokucoca kunye nokulungiswa komzi-mveliso we-aluminiyam ye-electrolytic, uhlengahlengiso lwesakhiwo sobonelelo luye lwakhuthaza ukwenziwa kwesilingi yomthamo we-aluminiyam ye-electrolytic kwaye yasombulula ingxaki enkulu yentsalela ebangelwe kukwandiswa ngocwangco komthamo wemveliso oye wathwaxa ishishini iminyaka emininzi. Ukusukela ngoko, ngokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kunye nethekhnoloji Kuyafuneka ukukhuthaza inguqu kunye nokuphuculwa kweshishini lelizwe lam le-aluminiyam ye-electrolytic.
"Ejongene nokuqhuma kwemfuno kwintsimi yamandla amatsha kunye neziseko ezitsha kunye neemfuno zenguqu yamandla aluhlaza phantsi kwenjongo 'yekhabhoni ezimbini', ukubonelela kunye nokukhula kwemfuno yesinyithi e-non-ferrous e-China kuya kuhlukana kwixesha elizayo, kwaye uninzi lwezinyithi ezingenayo i-ferrous ziya kujongana nezithintelo, ezinxulumene nokuguqulwa kwamandla ohlaza. ivuselelwe.” UGu Fengda ukholelwa ukuba imboni ye-aluminium, njengentsimi ene-carbon emissions ephezulu kwi-industry metal non-ferrous, ngokuqinisekileyo iya kukhawulezisa isantya sokuguqulwa kwekhabhoni eluhlaza kunye ne-low-carbon kule minyaka emihlanu ezayo. Ukulawula ngokufanelekileyo umthamo wokuvelisa, ukulungelelanisa isakhiwo samandla, ukusungula ubuchwepheshe bekhabhoni ephantsi, kunye nokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-aluminium ye-scrap yindlela ephambili yoshishino lwe-aluminium ukuphumeza i-carbon peaks. Ukusetyenziswa kwamanyathelo ajolise kwiimarike ezifana neendlela zokurhweba ngokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kuya kuba negalelo kuhlaza, i-low-carbon kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo lweshishini le-aluminium. Dlala indima ebalulekileyo. Ngamanyathelo amaninzi athathwe ngaxeshanye, imboni ye-aluminium iya kuzisa ukuguqulwa kwembali kunye nexesha lophuhliso "lokunciphisa ukukhutshwa, ukulawula umthamo, kunye nokuphuculwa kwexabiso eliqinisekisiweyo".
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Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-01-2021