Ho ea ka seboka sa kamehla sa boralitaba se neng se tšoeroe ke Lekala la Ecology le Tikoloho haufinyane, ho tloha ka la 23 Phupu, palo eohle ea litefiso tsa phapanyetsano ea khabone 'marakeng oa naha oa carbon e ne e le lithane tse limilione tse 4.833, ka kakaretso ea thekiso ea li-yuan tse ka bang limilione tse 250. Ho tloha ha ho qala khoebo ea marang-rang 'marakeng oa naha oa carbon, litšebelisano tsa' maraka li ntse li sebetsa, litheko tsa thekiso li ntse li phahama, 'me mesebetsi ea' maraka e tsitsitse. Hoa utloisisoa hore khoebo ea k'habone indastering ea tšepe e se nang ferrous e hohetse tlhokomelo e ngata.
Haufinyane tjena, 'muelli oa Lekala la Indasteri le Theknoloji ea Boitsebiso o boletse hore e tla sebetsa le mafapha a amehang ho theha meralo ea ts'ebetsong ea ho phahama ha carbon liindastering tsa bohlokoa tse kang litšepe tse se nang ferrous, thepa ea mohaho, tšepe, petrochemicals, joalo-joalo, ho hlakisa mokhoa oa ts'ebetsong oa phokotso ea khabone ea indasteri, ho khothaletsa thekenoloji e kholo ea khabone e tlase le theknoloji, le ho nts'etsapele meralo ea ho bonts'a, le ho kenya ts'ebetsong merero e mengata ea khabone. Sena se bontša hore litšepe tse se nang ferrous li behiloe sebakeng.
Motho ea amehang ea ikarabellang oa Mokhatlo oa Indasteri oa Litšepe oa China o boletse hore halofong ea pele ea selemo sena, indasteri ea tšepe ea naha ea heso e bone kholo e tsitsitseng ea moruo, boleng bo ntlafetseng ba ts'ebetso, le kholo e tsoelang pele ea tlhahiso ea tšepe e sa fereheng. Halofo ea pele ea selemo, tlhahiso ea litšepe tse leshome tse sebelisoang ka tloaelo tse se nang ferrous naheng ea heso e ne e le lithane tse limilione tse 32.549, keketseho ea 11% selemo le selemo; kakaretso ea matsete a thepa e tsitsitseng e phethiloeng halofong ea pele ea selemo e eketsehile ka 15.7% selemo le selemo. Likhoebo tsa liindasteri tsa tšepe tse se nang ferrous ka holimo ho boholo bo khethiloeng (ho kenyeletsoa le lik'hamphani tse ikemetseng tsa khauta) li fihletse phaello eohle ea li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 163,97, keketseho ea selemo le selemo ea 224,6%, keketseho ea li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 35,66 ho tloha phaello e fumanoeng halofo ea pele ea 2017, keketseho ea karolelano ea lilemo tse 6.3% ho feta lilemo tse 'nè.
Ka nako e ts'oanang, tlhahiso ea carbon ea indasteri ea tšepe e se nang ferrous le eona e ngata haholo. Ho ea ka lipalo-palo, ka 2020, indasteri ea tšepe ea naha ea heso e se nang ferrous e tla ntša lithane tse limilione tse 660 tsa carbon dioxide, e leng karolo ea 4.7% ea kakaretso ea likhase tsa naha. Har'a bona, tlhahiso ea aluminium ea electrolytic e sebelisa lihora tse limilione tse likete tse 502,2 tsa li-kilowatt tsa motlakase, e leng karolo ea 6.7% ea tšebeliso ea motlakase ea naha, 'me tlhahiso ea carbon dioxide e ka bang lithane tse limilione tse 420. Ka hona, ho etsa lipatlisiso mabapi le phokotso ea khabone ea ho qhibilihisa tšepe e se nang ferrous le ho hlahloba mehato e khethehileng bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea khabone e tlase ho bohlokoa haholo ho fokotsa tlhahiso ea khabone ea naha ea heso le ho fihlela sepheo sa khabone e habeli.
Hlooho ea China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association e boletse haufinyane hore mafapha a amehang a mmuso a ithutile le ho theha "Leano la Ts'ebetso bakeng sa Peak ea Carbon Indastering ea Metals e sa Feleng." Morero ona o sisinya ho ikitlaelletsa ho fihlela tlhoro ea khabone ka 2025. Morero ona o bonyane lilemo tse 5 pele ho sepheo sa naha sa tlhoro ea khabone.
Mothehi oa bohlokoa oa ho fihlela sepheo sa khabone e habeli
Litšepe tse se nang tšepe li tla phetha karolo ea bohlokoa tlhahisong, polokelong le tšebelisong ea matla a hloekileng.
Lilemong tsa morao tjena, indasteri ea likoloi tse ncha tsa lefatše e tsoetse pele ka potlako, 'me tlhahiso ea selemo le selemo e ntse e eketseha selemo le selemo,' me e feta likoloi tse limilione tse peli. Mabapi le boholo ba thekiso, likoloi tse ka bang limilione tse 3,24 tsa matla a macha li ile tsa rekisoa lefatšeng ka bophara ka 2020. Har'a bona, 'maraka oa Europe o ne o le 43.06%, boemo; 'maraka oa Chaena o ile oa nka karolo ea 41,27%, e boemong ba bobeli.
Joalokaha bohle re tseba, libeteri tsa likoloi tse ncha tsa matla li entsoe haholo-holo ka lithium iron phosphate le lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide. Libetri tse ncha tsa matla li tla tsamaisa kholo ea nako e telele ea tlhokahalo ea lithium, cobalt, nickel le mefuta e meng ea tšepe, 'me e tla ba le matla a hlakileng ho indasteri ea tšepe e se nang ferrous. Ho ea ka lipalo, ho ipapisitsoe le khakanyo ea karolelano ea betri ea lefatše ea 53 kWh, tšebeliso e tloaelehileng ea koporo le cobalt koloing ka 'ngoe ea motlakase ke 84 kg le 8 kg ka ho latellana. Keketseho ea tlhokahalo ea likoloi tsa motlakase e bolela hore ho tla hlokahala lithane tse ling tse limilione tse 4.08 tsa koporo ka 2030.
Ntle le ho fokotsa mesi ka ho matlafatsa nts'etsopele ea indasteri e ncha ea likoloi tsa matla, litšepe tse se nang ferrous le tsona li tla ba le ho hongata hoo li ka li etsang ho fehlang matla a mehloli e mecha ea matla e kang photovoltaics le matla a moea.
Hoa utloisisoa hore linaha tse ngata tsa lefats'e li ntse li tsoela pele ka matla ho hlahisa matla a photovoltaic le moea. Indasteri ea likarolo, e hlokahalang bakeng sa "moea le botle", e lebeletsoe ho tlisa palo e kholo ea tlhokahalo e eketsehileng ea koporo. Ho ea ka lipalo tse nepahetseng tsa data, ka 2030, lisebelisoa tse ncha tsa photovoltaic tsa Chaena li tla sebelisa lithane tse ka bang 500 000 tsa koporo; 'me indasteri ea matla a moea e lebelletsoe ho sebelisa lithane tse 610,000 tsa koporo ka 2030.
Tlas'a semelo sa carbon peak le ho se nke lehlakore ha carbon, matsete a maholo tšimong ea matla a hloekileng a tla khothalletsa kholo ea nako e telele ea tlhokahalo ea koporo, haholo-holo ho phatloha ha sekhahla sebakeng sa matla a hloekileng ho tloha 2021 ho ea ho 2030, 'me tebello ea kopo ea koporo e na le tšepo e kholo.
Tsitlella ho nka tsela ea ts'ebeliso ea lisebelisoa
Leano la Ntlafatso ea Moruo oa "Lilemo tse Hlano" la "Circular Economy" le boletse ka ho hlaka hore ho nts'etsapele moruo o potolohang ka matla ho bohlokoa haholo ho sireletsa mehloli ea naha, ho khothaletsa ho phethahala ha tlhoro ea khabone le ho se nke lehlakore ha carbon, le ho khothaletsa kaho ea tsoelopele ea tikoloho.
Moralo ona o sisinya hore ka 2025, naha ya heso e tla theha tsamaiso ya indasteri ya ho botjha disebediswa ho ntlafatsa haholo bokgoni ba tshebediso ya methopo e ka ntjhafatswang. Karolelano ea phalliso ea lisebelisoa tse ka nchafatsoang ho ea ho lisebelisuoa tsa mantlha e tla eketsoa hape, 'me karolo ea moruo o potolohang ho ts'ehetsa lisebelisoa e tla totobatsoa hape. Har'a bona, tlhahiso ea litšepe tse sa sebelisoang hape e tla fihla ho lithane tse limilione tse 20.
Ho utloisisoa hore nako ea naha ea heso ea “Leano la Lilemo tse Hlano la Leshome le Metso e Mehlano” e fihletse litholoana tsa ntlafatso ea moruo oa potoloho. Ka 2020, tlhahiso ea litšepe tse sa sebetsoang hape e tla ba lithane tse limilione tse 14.5, e leng karolo ea 23.5% ea kakaretso ea litšepe tse 10 tse sa fereheng. Har'a bona, tlhahiso ea koporo e nchafalitsoeng, aluminium e tsosolositsoeng le moeta-pele e tsosolositsoeng e tla ba lithane tse 325. 10,000, lithane tse limilione tse 7,4, lithane tse limilione tse 2,4. Ho tsosolosa lisebelisoa ho fetohile mokhoa oa bohlokoa oa ho sireletsa mehloli ea naha ea rona.
Nakong ea "Leano la Lilemo tse Hlano la 14", ho tobane le boemo bo bocha ba ho phahama ha carbon le ho se nke lehlakore ha carbon, ho na le tlhokahalo e potlakileng ea ho ntlafatsa moruo oa selikalikoe, ho ntlafatsa katleho ea tšebeliso ea lisebelisoa le boemo ba tšebeliso ea lisebelisoa tse tsosolositsoeng, 'me ho na le sebaka se seholo.
Hajoale, nts'etsopele ea moruo o chitja oa naha ea heso e ntse e tobane le mathata a joalo ka boemo bo tlase ba mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa ho sebelisoa hape ha lisebelisoa tse ka nchafatsoang liindastering tse ka sehloohong, khaello ea tšireletso ea mobu bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa ho tsosolosa, le bothata ba ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa boleng bo tlaase. Ho sebelisoa hape ha litšepe tse ngata tse se nang ferrous joalo ka koporo, aluminium, le lead ho ntse ho tsepamisitse maikutlo ho recycle ea boemo bo tlase. Ho nepahala le botebo ba ho hlopha litšepe ha lia lekana, 'me boleng le litšenyehelo tsa ho recycle li ke ke tsa finyella litlhoko tsa bohlokoa tsa liindasteri tse ntseng li tsoela pele. Ho potlakile ho ntlafatsa matla a ho recycle .
Kgatong e latelang, mafapha a amehang a mmuso a tla sebedisana mmoho le ditheo tsa dipatlisiso tsa mahlale le dikgwebo ho phethahatsa dikamano tsa bohlokwa tsa setjhaba mabapi le dintlha tsa bohlokwa le ho ntlafatsa haholo tshebediso ya bokgoni ba tshebediso ya dimetale tse sebedisitsweng botjha. Ka 2025, mekhoa ea tlhahiso ea selikalikoe e tla kengoa ts'ebetsong, moralo o motala le tlhahiso e hloekileng e tla khothaletsoa ka bophara, bokhoni bo felletseng ba ts'ebeliso ea lisebelisoa bo tla ntlafatsoa, 'me mokhoa oa indasteri oa ho sebelisa lisebelisoa o tla theoa ha e le hantle; tlhahiso ea litšepe tse se nang ferrous tse tsosolositsoeng li tla fihla ho lithane tse limilione tse 20, ho kenyelletsa le koporo e tsosolositsoeng, aluminium e tsosolositsoeng le loto e tsosolositsoeng. Sephetho se fihlile ho lithane tse limilione tse 4, lithane tse limilione tse 11.5, le lithane tse limilione tse 2.9 ka ho latellana, 'me boleng ba indasteri ea ho tsosolosa lisebelisoa bo fihlile li-yuan tse libilione tse 5.
Potlakisa phetoho e tala ea indasteri le ntlafatso
Indasteri ea tšepe e se nang ferrous e thusa liindasteri tse ling ho fihlela lipheo tsa khabone tse peli. Pele ho tsohle, e tlameha ho fihlela lipheo tsa khabone tse peli ka bo eona, le ho hlahloba mokhoa oa ho eketsa tlhahiso e hloekileng ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso, le ho fihlela phokotso ea tlhahiso le phetoho ea matla.
Mohato o latelang, lik'hamphani tsa tšepe tse se nang ferrous li lokela ho khothalletsa ka matla ho kopanngoa ha indasteri le indasteri, ho khothalletsa ts'ebeliso ea lihlahisoa tse bohlale le "Internet +", le ho sebelisa mekhoa ea saense le theknoloji ho fokotsa mocheso oa carbon le ho eketsa tšebeliso ea carbon; libakeng tsa bohlokoa, tlhahiso ea dijithale ea lifofane le lifeme tsa lipontšo tse bohlale tsa tlhahiso li lokela ho etsoa. Ntlafatsa boemo ba bohlale ho R&D, tlhahiso le ts'ebeletso, ho ntlafatsa botsitso ba ts'ebetso ea sehlahisoa le ho tsitsisa boleng; ho khothaletsa boqapi ba khoebo le boiqapelo ba mohlala, ho khothaletsa kopanyo ea "Inthanete +" le ts'ebetso eohle ea tlhahiso le ts'ebetso, le ho khothaletsa mokhoa oa motho ka mong le tlhahiso e feto-fetohang. Kopana le litlhoko tse fapaneng le tsa maemo a mangata.
Ho phaella moo, lik'hamphani tsa tšepe tse se nang ferrous li lokela ho tsoela pele ho ntlafatsa moruo oa selikalikoe le ho khothalletsa tsoelo-pele e tala. Mafapha a amehang a mmuso le mekhatlo ea indasteri e lokela ho khetha sehlopha sa likatleho tsa thekenoloji, e li khothalletse indastering eohle, le ho eketsa matsapa a tsona a phetoho. Mohlala, ho khothaletsa nts'etsopele le ts'ebeliso ea litheknoloji tse kholo tsa ho boloka matla le ho fokotsa tšebeliso lefapheng la ho qhibilihisa, le ho hlophisa litsebi ho etsa phokotso ea sulfide le nitrogen oxides. Patlisiso ea tekheniki le nts'etsopele ea mahlale a drainage le mahlale a mang, ho ts'ehetsa lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele le indasteri ea theknoloji e felletseng ea tšebeliso ea aluminium e fofang, ka matla ho nts'etsapele phokotso ea tšilafalo, phetisetso e chefo le e kotsi ea thepa e tala, phepelo ea litšila le lisebelisoa tse ling tse tala; boeletsa mekhoa ea indasteri le maemo a phihlello, Khothatsa le ho tataisa phetoho le ntlafatso ea indasteri ho fihlela litlhoko tsa tsoelopele ea theknoloji ea indasteri tlasa maemo a macha, ho phahamisa moeli oa theknoloji, tšebeliso ea matla, le ts'ireletso ea tikoloho, le ho khothaletsa nts'etsopele ea botala ba indasteri.
Ha li tobane le menyetla e mecha ea 'maraka le liphephetso, lik'hamphani tsa tšepe tse se nang tšepe li tlameha ho iketsetsa tsona, li fetole mekhoa ea tsona ea ntlafatso, li thehe lihlopha tse ncha tsa indasteri, li hlahise lihlahisoa tse ncha tse phahameng, li tebise le ho matlafatsa ketane ea indasteri,' me li loanele ho theha indasteri e "etsang molemo ka ho fetisisa 'marakeng, empa e ntse e hōla ntle ho letho" . Mohlala, Qinghai Xiyu Nonferrous Metals Co., Ltd. e kenya tšebetsong projeke e felletseng ea ho khutlisa slime ea anode ho khutlisa litšepe tsa bohlokoa joalo ka khauta le silevera sebakeng sa anode slime. Ka nako e ts'oanang, e sebelisa mokhoa o teng oa ho qhibilihisa lead ho sebelisana 'moho le litšila tse kotsi tse nang le loto joalo ka likhalase tse nang le lead ho fihlela E le ho eketsa ts'ebeliso ea lisebelisoa.
Boemong ba naha ea heso ho khothaletsoa ka matla ho phahamisa k'habone le ho se nke lehlakore ha k'habone, indasteri ea tšepe e sa tsitsang e ke ke ea fokotsa feela mesi ea eona ka ho ntlafatsa theknoloji, empa hape ea thusa liindasteri tse ling ho fihlela ho se nke lehlakore ha carbon kapele kamoo ho ka khonehang. Ho tloha ho litšepe tse se nang ferrous ho ea ho matla a tala, ho tlameha ho ba le lintho tse ngata tse lokelang ho etsoa.
Mohloli oa litšupiso: Internet
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Nako ea poso: Aug-19-2021