Tin yana daya daga cikin karafa na farko da mutane suka gano kuma suke amfani da su. Yana da azurfa-fari a dakin da zafin jiki kuma yana da allotropes guda uku tare da canjin yanayin zafi. A ƙasa da 13.2°C shine tin α tin (koren launin toka), 13.2-161°C shine β tin (fararen tin), kuma sama da 161°C shine γ tin (kusasshen tin). Tin mai launin toka na cikin tsarin lu'u-lu'u mai daidaitaccen tsarin lu'u-lu'u, farar tin na tsarin tetragonal crystal ne, kuma tin gaggautsa na cikin tsarin kristal orthorhombic. An kafa fim ɗin kariya na tin dioxide akan saman tin a cikin iska kuma yana da ƙarfi. Ana haɓaka halayen iskar oxygen a ƙarƙashin dumama, kuma tin yana amsawa da halogen don samar da tin tetrahalide, wanda kuma zai iya amsawa da sulfur. Tin na iya narkar da sannu a hankali a cikin dilute acid kuma da sauri ya narke cikin ma'aunin acid. Ana iya narkar da tin a cikin maganin alkaline mai ƙarfi. Tin zai lalace a cikin maganin acidic na gishiri kamar ferric chloride da zinc chloride.
Tin wani nau'i ne na jan karfe-philic, amma a cikin ɓangaren sama na lithosphere, yana da halayen halayen oxygen da sulfur. Akwai ma'adanai sama da 50 masu ɗauke da tin da aka sani a yanayi. A halin yanzu, cassiterite yana da mahimmancin tattalin arziki, sannan kuma kesterite. A wasu wuraren ajiya, sulfur-tin-lead ore, stibnite, cylindrical tin ore, da kuma wani lokacin baki sulfur-azurfa-tin ore, black boron-tin ore, Malayanite, schistite, brucite, da dai sauransu su ma na iya zama mai arziki. Saita, yana da ƙimar masana'antu.
Cassiterite, da sinadaran abun da ke ciki ne SnO2, tetragonal crystal tsarin, crystal ne a cikin siffar biyu cones, cones, da kuma wani lokacin allura. Yakan ƙunshi abubuwa masu gauraye kamar ƙarfe, niobium, da tantalum. Bugu da ƙari, yana iya ƙunsar manganese, scandium, titanium, zirconium, tungsten, da abubuwa masu tarwatsa kamar iridium da gallium. Kasancewar Fe3+ sau da yawa yana rinjayar maganadisu, launi da takamaiman nauyi na cassiterite. Cassiterite shine babban tushen albarkatun kasa na tin.
Kesterite, wanda kuma aka sani da tetrahedronite, yana da sinadari na Cu2FeSnS4, tsarin kristal tetragonal, lu'ulu'u masu wuya, da pseudotetrahedron, pseudooctahedron, siffofi masu kama da faranti. Adadin tin rawaya sun fi zama ruwan dare a cikin ma'ajiyar sulfide mestasomatic tin mai ɗauke da tin Guangxi da adibas masu cika nau'in tungsten-tin, da Hunan babban matsakaici-zazzabi na nau'in adibas-zinc.
Antimony tin-lead tama yana da sinadarai na Pb5Sb2Sn3S14, tare da baƙin ƙarfe, zinc, da sauransu. gauraye a cikin abun da ke ciki. Lu'ulu'u na bakin ciki ne, sau da yawa mai lankwasa, kuma lu'ulu'u na tagwaye suna da rikitarwa. Abubuwan da aka tara suna da girma, radial ko mai siffa. Ana samar da ita tare da stibite da kesterite, kuma ana samar da ita a cikin veins na gwangwani.
Sulfur tin gubar tama, sinadaran abun da ke ciki shine PbSnS2, tsarin kristal orthorhombic, kristal yana kama da farantin karfe, sifar yana kusa da murabba'i, yawanci tarin yawa. Ana samar da shi sau da yawa a cikin jijiya tama tare da cassiterite, galena, sphalerite, da pyrite.
Cylindrical tin tama, tare da sinadaran abun da ke ciki na Pb3Sb2Sn4S14, orthorhombic crystal tsarin, wani cylindrical ko m da kuma spherical tara, an samar a cikin tin tama veins tare da stibnite, sphalerite da pyrite.
Tin mai tsafta yana mu'amala a hankali tare da raunin sinadarai masu rauni, don haka galibi ana amfani da shi wajen kera zanen tin, wanda aka fi sani da tinplate, kuma ana amfani da shi azaman kayan abinci. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da tin mai tsabta azaman sutura don wasu sassa na inji. Ana iya sarrafa kwano cikin sauƙi a cikin bututu, foils, wayoyi, tarkace, da sauransu, kuma ana iya yin sa ta zama foda mai kyau don ƙwayar ƙarfe. Ana iya haɗa gwangwani da kusan dukkanin karafa, kuma ana amfani da solder, tin bronze, babbitt alloy, gubar-tin da ke ɗauke da gami da dalma. Har ila yau, akwai galoli na musamman masu ɗauke da tin, irin su gami da tushen zirconium, waɗanda ake amfani da su azaman kayan shafa mai na nukiliya a masana'antar makamashin atomic; gami da tushen titanium, ana amfani da su a cikin jirgin sama, ginin jirgi, makamashin atomic, sinadarai, kayan aikin likita da sauran masana'antu; niobium-tin intermetallic mahadi za a iya amfani da matsayin super The conductive abu, tin-azurfa amalgam Ana amfani da matsayin hakori karfe kayan. Muhimman mahadi na tin sune tin dioxide, tin dichloride, tin tetrachloride da kuma abubuwan da ke tattare da kwayoyin halitta. Ana amfani da su azaman albarkatun ƙasa don enamel yumbu, mordant don bugu da rini yadudduka na siliki, zafin zafi don robobi, da kuma azaman ƙwayoyin cuta. Da magungunan kashe qwari.
Albarkatun kwano na ƙasata suna da halaye masu zuwa: (1) Rijiyar tana da yawa sosai. Ma'adinan kwano na kasata sun fi maida hankali ne a larduna 6, wato, Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hunan, Mongoliya ta ciki, da Jiangxi. Yunnan ya fi maida hankali ne a Gejiu, kuma Guangxi ya fi maida hankali ne a Dachang. Rijistar Gejiu da Dachang na lissafin jimillar ajiyar ƙasar. Kimanin kashi 40% na ajiyar kuɗi. (2) Da farko tin tama shine babban tushe, kuma mai sanya tin takin yana taka rawa ta biyu. A cikin jimillar ajiyar da ake samu a kasar, gwangwani na farko ya kai kashi 80 cikin 100, yayin da ma'adinan mai sanyawa ya kai kashi 16%. (3) Akwai abubuwan haɗin gwiwa da yawa, kawai 12% suna bayyana a cikin nau'in ma'adinai ɗaya. Tin tama a matsayin babban ma'adinan da ke da kashi 66 cikin 100 na jimillar arzikin da kasar ke da shi, ita kuma tin tama a matsayin wani bangare na hadin gwiwa ya kai kashi 22% na yawan ajiyar kasar. Alamun alamomi da ma'adanai masu alaƙa sun haɗa da jan karfe, gubar, zinc, tungsten, antimony, molybdenum, bismuth, azurfa, niobium, tantalum, beryllium, indium, gallium, germanium, cadmium, da baƙin ƙarfe, sulfur, arsenic, fluorite, da sauransu. polymetallic super-manyan tin wuraren hakar ma'adinai.
Karin bayani Link:https://www.wanmetal.com/products/tin/
Madogararsa: Intanet
Disclaimer: Bayanan da ke cikin wannan labarin don tunani ne kawai, ba a matsayin shawarar yanke shawara kai tsaye ba. Idan ba ku da niyyar keta haƙƙin ku na doka, da fatan za a tuntuɓe mu cikin lokaci.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-30-2021