I-tin yenye yezona zimbiwa zokuqala ezafunyanwa kwaye zasetyenziswa ngabantu. Isilivere-mhlophe kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi kwaye inee-allotropes ezintathu ezinotshintsho lobushushu. Ngaphantsi kwe-13.2 ° C yi-α tin (i-tin engwevu), i-13.2-161 ° C yi-β tin (i-tin emhlophe), kwaye ngaphezu kwe-161 ° C yi-γ tin (i-brittle tin). I-tin engwevu yeyohlobo lwe-diamond-equiaxed crystal system, i-tin emhlophe yeyenkqubo yekristale ye-tetragonal, kunye ne-brittle tin yeyenkqubo ye-orthorhombic crystal. Ifilimu ekhuselayo ye-tin dioxide yenziwa phezu kwe-tin emoyeni kwaye izinzile. Ukusabela kwe-oxidation kukhawuleziswa phantsi kokufudumeza, kwaye i-tin isabela kunye ne-halogen ukuze yenze i-tin tetrahalide, enokuthi isebenze kunye nesulfure. I-tin inokunyibilika kancinane kwi-asidi edibeneyo kwaye ngokukhawuleza inyibilike kwi-asidi egxininisiweyo. I-Tin inokunyibilika kwisisombululo esinamandla se-alkaline. I-tin iya kugqwala kwiisombululo ze-acidic zetyuwa ezifana ne-ferric chloride kunye ne-zinc chloride.
I-Tin yinto yobhedu-philic, kodwa kwindawo ephezulu ye-lithosphere, ineempawu ze-oksijini kunye ne-sulfur affinity. Zingaphezulu kwama-50 iiminerali ezinetoti ezaziwayo kwindalo. Okwangoku, i-cassiterite ibaluleke kakhulu kwezoqoqosho, ilandelwa yi-kesterite. Kwezinye iidiphozithi, i-sulphur-tin-lead ore, i-stibnite, i-cylindrical tin ore, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha i-sulphur-silver-tin ore emnyama, i-boron-tin ore emnyama, i-Malayanite, i-schistite, i-brucite, njl. Seta, inexabiso leshishini.
I-Cassiterite, ukubunjwa kweekhemikhali yi-SnO2, inkqubo ye-crystal ye-tetragonal, i-crystal ikwimo yee-cones ezimbini, ii-cones, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha iinaliti. Ihlala inemixube efana nentsimbi, i-niobium, kunye ne-tantalum. Ukongeza, inokuba ne-manganese, i-scandium, i-titanium, i-zirconium, i-tungsten, kunye nezinto ezihlakazekileyo ezifana ne-iridium kunye ne-gallium. Ubukho be-Fe3 + buhlala buchaphazela i-magnetism, umbala kunye nobunzima obuthile be-cassiterite. ICassiterite ngowona mthombo wezinto ezikrwada wetin.
I-Kesterite, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-tetrahedronite, inokwakheka kweekhemikhali ze-Cu2FeSnS4, inkqubo ye-crystal ye-tetragonal, iikristale ezinqabileyo, kunye ne-pseudotetrahedron, i-pseudooctahedron, iimilo ezifana neplate. Iidiphozithi zetoti ezityheli zixhaphake kakhulu kwi-Guangxi tin-ethwele i-sulfide metasomatic deposits kunye ne-filling-type tungsten-tin deposits, kunye ne-Hunan high-middle-temperature hydrothermal type lead-zinc deposits.
I-antimony tin-lead ore ine-chemical composition of Pb5Sb2Sn3S14, enentsimbi, i-zinc, njl. Ikristale incinci, ihlala igobile, kwaye iikristale zamawele zintsonkothile. Iaggregates inkulu, iradial okanye ingqukuva. Iveliswa kunye ne-stibnite kunye ne-kesterite, kwaye iveliswa kwimithambo ye-tin ore.
I-sulphur tin lead ore, i-chemical composition yi-PbSnS2, i-orthorhombic crystal system, i-crystal ifana ne-plate, imilo isondele kwisikwere, ngokuqhelekileyo i-aggregate enkulu. Ihlala iveliswa kwimithambo ye-tin ore kunye ne-cassiterite, i-galena, i-sphalerite, kunye ne-pyrite.
I-Cylindrical tin ore, enekhemikhali ye-Pb3Sb2Sn4S14, i-orthorhombic crystal system, i-cylindrical okanye i-massive and spherical aggregate, iveliswa kwiimvini ze-tin ore kunye ne-stibnite, i-sphalerite kunye ne-pyrite.
Itoti ecocekileyo inxibelelana ngokucothayo neeasidi eziphilayo ezibuthathaka, ngoko ke isoloko isetyenziswa ekwenzeni amaphepha anetoti, awaziwa njenge-tinplate, kwaye asetyenziswa njengezinto zokupakisha ukutya. Itoti esulungekileyo ingasetyenziswa njengokwaleka kwiindawo ezithile zoomatshini. Itoti ilungiswa ngokulula ibe yiityhubhu, iifoyile, iingcingo, imicu, njl. njl., kwaye isenokwenziwa ibe ngumgubo ocolekileyo womgubo wesinyithi. I-tin inokudityaniswa phantse nazo zonke iintsimbi, kwaye i-solder, i-tin bronze, i-babbitt alloy, i-lead-tin bearing alloy kunye nealloyi yelothe zisetyenziswa kakhulu. Kukwakho neealloyi ezikhethekileyo ezine-tin, ezifana ne-zirconium-based alloys, esetyenziswa njengezinto zokugquma amafutha enyukliya kushishino lwamandla eathom; i-alloys esekelwe kwi-titanium, esetyenziselwa ukuhamba ngeenqwelomoya, ukwakhiwa kweenqanawa, amandla e-athomu, iikhemikhali, izixhobo zonyango kunye namanye amashishini; I-niobium-tin i-intermetallic compounds ingasetyenziswa njenge-super Izinto eziphathekayo, i-tin-silver amalgam isetyenziswa njengesixhobo sesinyithi samazinyo. Iikhompawundi ezibalulekileyo ze-tin yi-tin dioxide, i-tin dichloride, i-tin tetrachloride kunye ne-tin organic compounds. Zisetyenziswa njengemathiriyeli ekrwada ye-enamel ye-ceramic, i-mordant yokuprinta kunye nokudaya amalaphu esilika, ukuzinzisa ubushushu kwiiplastiki, kunye nanjenge-bactericides. Nezibulali zinambuzane.
ubutyebi belizwe lam benkcenkce bunezi mpawu zilandelayo: (1) Oovimba baxinaniswe kakhulu. imigodi yenkcenkce yelizwe lam igxile kakhulu kumaphondo ama-6, angala, iYunnan, iGuangxi, iGuangdong, iHunan, iMongolia yaNgaphakathi, kunye neJiangxi. IYunnan igxile kakhulu eGejiu, kwaye iGuangxi igxile eDachang. Oovimba beGejiu kunye neDachang babalela oovimba belizwe bebonke. Malunga ne-40% yoovimba. 2 Koovimba belizwe bebonke, intsimbi ekrwada yokuqala ibalelwa kwi-80%, kwaye i-placer tin ore ibalelwa kwi-16% kuphela. (3) Kukho amacandelo amaninzi adityanisiweyo, kuphela i-12% evela kwimo yeminerali enye. Intsimbi ekrwada njengeyona mbiwa ithatha i-66% yoovimba belizwe bebonke, kwaye intsimbi yenkcenkce njengenxalenye enxulumeneyo ibalelwa kwi-22% yoovimba belizwe bebonke. I-Symbiotic kunye nezimbiwa ezinxulumene nazo ziquka ubhedu, i-lead, i-zinc, i-tungsten, i-antimony, i-molybdenum, i-bismuth, isilivere, i-niobium, i-tantalum, i-beryllium, i-indium, i-gallium, i-germanium, i-cadmium, kunye nentsimbi, isulfure, i-arsenic, i-fluorite, njl. I-Guangxi, eziziindawo ezikumgangatho wehlabathi wepolymetallic super-enkulu zemigodi yenkcenkce.
Iinkcukacha ezingakumbi ikhonkco:https://www.wanmetal.com/products/tin/
Umthombo weReferensi: I-Intanethi
Ukuziphendulela: Ulwazi oluqulethwe kweli nqaku lwenzelwe ireferensi kuphela, hayi njengengcebiso yokwenziwa kwesigqibo ngokuthe ngqo. Ukuba awuzimiselanga ukunyhasha amalungelo akho omthetho, nceda uqhagamshelane nathi kwangethuba.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-30-2021