Tin bụ otu n'ime ọla ndị mbụ achọpụtara ma jiri ya mee ihe. Ọ bụ ọlaọcha-ọcha na ụlọ okpomọkụ ma nwee allotropes atọ nwere mgbanwe okpomọkụ. N'okpuru 13.2°C ọ bụ α tin (nkụnye isi awọ), 13.2-161°C bụ β tin (tin na-acha ọcha), na n'elu 161°C ọ bụ γ tin (nkụkọ na-agbaji agbaji). Tin isi awọ bụ nke sistemu kristal equiaxed ụdị diamond, tin ọcha bụ nke sistemụ kristal tetragonal, tin na-agbaji bụ nke sistemu kristal orthorhombic. A na-emepụta ihe nkiri nchebe nke tin dioxide n'elu tin na ikuku ma kwụsie ike. A na-eme ka mmeghachi omume oxidation dị ngwa n'okpuru kpo oku, tin na-emeghachi omume na halogen iji mepụta tin tetrahalide, nke nwekwara ike iji sọlfọ mee ihe. Tin nwere ike jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ gbazee na acid dilute wee gbazee ngwa ngwa n'ime acid gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ. Tin nwere ike etisasịwo na ike alkaline ngwọta. A ga-emebi tin na ngwọta acidic nke nnu dị ka ferric chloride na zinc chloride.
Tin bụ ihe ọla kọpa-philic, mana n'akụkụ elu nke lithosphere, ọ nwere njirimara nke ma ikuku oxygen na sọlfọ. Enwere ihe karịrị mineral 50 nwere tin mara na okike. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, cassiterite bụ nke kachasị mkpa akụ na ụba, kesterite sochiri ya. N'ebe ụfọdụ, sulfur-tin-lead ore, stibnite, cylindrical tin ore, na mgbe ụfọdụ black sulphur-silver-tin ore, black boron-tin ore, Malayanite, schistite, brucite, wdg nwekwara ike ịba ọgaranya. Tọọ, nwere uru ụlọ ọrụ.
Cassiterite, ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ bụ SnO2, sistemu kristal tetragonal, kristal dị n'ụdị cones abụọ, cones, na mgbe ụfọdụ agịga. Ọ na-enwekarị ihe ndị agwakọtara dị ka ígwè, niobium, na tantalum. Na mgbakwunye, ọ nwekwara ike ịnwe manganese, scandium, titanium, zirconium, tungsten, na ihe ndị gbasasịrị agbasa dị ka iridium na gallium. Ọnụnọ nke Fe3+ na-emetụtakarị magnetism, agba na ike ndọda nke cassiterite. Cassiterite bụ isi ihe eji enweta tin.
Kesterite, nke a makwaara dị ka tetrahedronite, nwere ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ nke Cu2FeSnS4, sistemu kristal tetragonal, kristal na-adịghị ahụkebe, na pseudotetrahedron, pseudooctahedron, ụdị efere. Nkwụnye ego tin na-acha odo odo na-adịkarị na nkwụnye ego sulfide metasomatic Guangxi na ndochi ụdị tungsten-tin, na Hunan elu-etiti-okpomọkụ hydrothermal ụdị lead-zinc nkwụnye ego.
The antimony tin-lead ore nwere chemical mejupụtara Pb5Sb2Sn3S14, na ígwè, zinc, wdg agwakọtara na mejupụtara. kristal dị gịrịgịrị, na-agbagọkarị, na kristal ejima dị mgbagwoju anya. Nchịkọta ndị ahụ buru ibu, radial ma ọ bụ gburugburu. A na-emepụta ya na stibnite na kesterite, ma na-emepụta ya na tin ore veins.
Sulfur tin lead ore, chemical mejupụtara bụ PbSnS2, orthorhombic crystal sistemu, kristal yiri efere, udi dị nso na square, na-emekarị a nnukwu mkpokọta. A na-emepụta ya na veins tin ore yana cassiterite, galena, sphalerite, na pyrite.
Cylindrical tin ore, nke nwere ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ nke Pb3Sb2Sn4S14, sistemu kristal orthorhombic, mkpokọta cylindrical ma ọ bụ oke na okirikiri, na-emepụta na veins tin ore yana stibnite, sphalerite na pyrite.
Tin dị ọcha na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-emekọ ihe na organic acids na-adịghị ike, ya mere a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe n'ịkpụpụta tin-plated, nke a na-akpọkarị tinplate, na-eji dị ka ihe nkwakọ ngwaahịa nri. A pụkwara iji tin dị ọcha mee ihe dị ka ihe mkpuchi maka akụkụ ụfọdụ ígwè ọrụ. A na-edozi Tin n'ụzọ dị mfe n'ime tubes, foils, wires, ibe, wdg, a pụkwara ime ka ọ bụrụ ntụ ntụ dị mma maka nhazi ntụ ntụ. Tin nwere ike iji ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ọla niile, na-eresị, bronze, babbitt alloy, lead-tin bearing alloy na lead alloy na-ejikarị eme ihe. Enwekwara ọtụtụ alloys pụrụ iche nke nwere tin, dị ka alloys nke dabeere na zirconium, nke eji dị ka ihe mkpuchi mmanụ nuklia na ụlọ ọrụ ike atọm; alloys dabeere titanium, eji na ụgbọ elu, ụgbọ mmiri, atomiki ume, chemical, ọgwụ ngwá na ndị ọzọ ọrụ; Enwere ike iji ogige intermetallic niobium-tin dị ka nnukwu ihe na-eduzi, tin-silver amalgam na-eji dị ka ihe ọla eze. Ihe ndị dị mkpa nke tin bụ tin dioxide, tin dichloride, tin tetrachloride na tin organic ogige. A na-eji ha dị ka akụrụngwa maka enamel seramiiki, mordant maka ibipụta na ịcha akwa silk, ihe na-ekpo ọkụ maka plastik, na dị ka nje bacteria. Na ọgwụ nje.
Akụrụngwa tin ore nke obodo m nwere njirimara ndị a: (1) Ihe nchekwa a gbadoro anya nke ukwuu. ogbunigwe gbamgbam nke obodo m gbadoro anya na mpaghara 6, ya bụ, Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hunan, Mongolia Inner, na Jiangxi. Yunnan gbadoro anya na Gejiu, yana Guangxi gbadoro ụkwụ na Dachang. Ihe nchekwa nke Gejiu na Dachang bụ maka mkpokọta nchekwa obodo. Ihe dị ka 40% nke nchekwa. (2) N'ụzọ bụ́ isi, tin ore bụ isi ihe, na placer tin ore na-arụ ọrụ nke abụọ. N'ime mkpokọta akụ na ụba nke mba ahụ, tin ore na-akpata 80%, na placer tin ore bụ naanị 16%. (3) Enwere ọtụtụ ihe jikọrọ ọnụ, naanị 12% na-apụta n'ụdị otu ịnweta. Tin ore dị ka ihe bụ isi mineral na-akpata 66% nke mkpokọta mba ahụ, na tin ore dị ka ihe jikọrọ ọnụ bụ pasent 22 nke mkpokọta mba ahụ. Symbiotic na ihe ndị metụtara ya gụnyere ọla kọpa, lead, zinc, tungsten, antimony, molybdenum, bismuth, silver, niobium, tantalum, beryllium, indium, gallium, germanium, cadmium, na ígwè, sọlfọ, arsenic, fluorite, wdg (4) E nwere ọtụtụ nnukwu na ọkara-sized nkwụnye ego na ụwa nke Yunnan na Gọọmenti Glaschang, karịsịa na Günnan Glaschang. ebe a na-egwupụta mkpụrụ osisi polymetallic nke ukwuu.
Njikọ nkọwa ndị ọzọ:https://www.wanmetal.com/products/tin/
Isi mmalite: Ịntanetị
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Oge nzipu: Ọgọst-30-2021