Chiyambi cha chidziwitso cha zinc, kodi zinc yachitsulo imapangidwa bwanji?
Zinc ndi chinthu chamankhwala. Chizindikiro chake chamankhwala ndi Zn, ndipo nambala yake ya atomiki ndi 30. Ili mu nthawi yachinayi ndi gulu ⅡB la periodic table of chemical elements. Zinc ndi chitsulo chopepuka cha imvi komanso chitsulo chachinayi "chamba". M'makampani amakono, zinki sizingalowe m'malo popanga batire ndipo ndichitsulo chofunikira kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, zinc ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri zotsata thupi la munthu ndipo zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri.
Zinc ndizovuta kuwotcha mumlengalenga ndipo zimatulutsa kuwala koyera koyera mu oxygen. Pamwamba pa zinc oxide pamakhala utsi woyera, womwe umatulutsa utsi woyera ukayaka. Chigawo chachikulu cha utsi woyera ndi zinc oxide, zomwe sizimangoletsa kuyaka kwa zinki, komanso zimasonyeza mtundu wa lawi kuti likhale lowala. Zinc imasungunuka mosavuta mu asidi ndipo imatha kulowa m'malo mwa golide, siliva, mkuwa, ndi zina. Filimu ya oxide ya zinki imakhala ndi malo osungunuka kwambiri, koma chitsulo chosungunuka cha zinc ndi chochepa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake kutentha kwa zinc flakes pa nyali ya mowa kumasungunuka ndikufewetsa zinc flakes, koma sikugwa pansi, ndendende chifukwa cha filimu ya oxide. Zinc imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka muzitsulo, zitsulo, makina, magetsi, mankhwala, mafakitale opepuka, minda yankhondo ndi mankhwala.
kuthetsa kuthetsa:
1. Yambulani 360g ya zinki yachitsulo ndikuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono ku 3340ml ya 15% sulfuric acid solution, ndi kutentha kufika 70°C kuti muyankhe. H2 ikasiya kusefukira, tsitsani ndi 1200ml yamadzi kuti mukonze zinc sulfate solution, chotsani 50ml, ndikugwiritsa ntchito enawo kuti mugwiritse ntchito mtsogolo. 4g ya sodium carbonate inawonjezeredwa ku 50ml ya madzi osungunuka, ndipo mpweya wa zinc carbonate unatsukidwa katatu ndi madzi (300ml nthawi iliyonse) kuti ugwiritse ntchito. Sungunulani 7.5 g wa ferrous sulfate heptahydrate mu 500 ml ya madzi, acidify ndi 1 ml ya apamwamba kalasi koyera sulfuric acid, kutentha, ndi kuwonjezera 30% wa hydrogen peroxide dropwise kutembenuza Fe2+ ayoni onse mu njira Fe3+ ayoni. Onjezani njira yachitsulo ya sulphate yokonzedwa ku njira yomwe yatchulidwa pamwambapa, ndikuwonjezera zinc carbonate precipitate ndi kusonkhezera, kenako kutentha kwa 30-40ºC mofulumizitsa, ndipo muyime. Njira ikatha, sefani. [ Kuchotsedwa kwa Fe(OH)3 kumalowa ndi As, P, Sb ndi zonyansa zina]. Sefayi imakhala ndi electrolyzed ndipo mtengo wa PH umasinthidwa kuti dziko la Congo likhale labuluu pang'ono. Pa electrolysis, ntchito umafunika kalasi koyera kapena nthaka flakes monga cathode, mafakitale nthaka monga anode, mtunda pakati maelekitirodi awiri ndi 2-3cm, voteji pakati maelekitirodi awiri ndi 6V, ndi kachulukidwe panopa zimadalira kutentha kwa electrolyte. Pambuyo pa 200g ya zinki yayamba, electrolyte iyenera kuthandizidwanso ndi iron sulfate ndi zinc carbonate molingana ndi njira yomwe ili pamwambayi.
2. Kukonzekera kwa zinki kumakonzedwa ndi kusungunula zinki blende ZnS monga zopangira zazikulu. Mwa mafakitale, ZnS nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi okosijeni ndikusinthidwa kukhala oxide yokhala ndi reactivity yabwino. Kenako gwiritsani ntchito njira yochepetsera matenthedwe ndi njira ya electrolysis pokonzekera zinki. Mlandu wopangidwa ndi zinki zowotcha ndi ufa wa malasha umayikidwa mu ng'anjo yosungunula zinki pa 1300 ~ 1350 ° C kuti achite, nthunzi yachitsulo ya zinki yopangidwa ndi kuchepetsako imadutsa muzitsulo za zinki kudzera mumtsinje, ndipo zinki zachitsulo zimagwidwa. Zinc yachitsulo yomwe imapezedwa ndi njirayi imakhala ndi zonyansa zambiri. Kuti mupeze zinc yoyera, vacuum distillation imafunika.
3. Sungunulani okusayidi ya zinc mu calcined zinthu ndi sulfuric acid, chotsani chitsulo ndi okosijeni, chotsani cobalt, mkuwa, faifi tambala ndi zonyansa zina ndi zinc ufa, kenaka muyike mu selo electrolytic ndi lead monga anode ndi aluminiyamu mbale monga cathode. Panthawi ya electrolysis, zinki zachitsulo zimayikidwa pa mbale ya aluminiyamu ndikupukutidwa kuti ikhale chinthu. Kuyera kwazitsulo zazitsulo zopangidwa ndi electrolysis kumatha kufika 99,99%.
Zambiri Link:https://www.wanmetal.com/
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Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-06-2021