Isingeniso solwazi lwe-zinc, i-zinc yensimbi yenziwa kanjani?
I-Zinc iyisici samakhemikhali. Uphawu lwayo lwamakhemikhali luyi-Zn, futhi inombolo yalo ye-athomu ingu-30. Itholakala enkathini yesine kanye neqembu ⅡB lethebula le-periodic lezakhi zamakhemikhali. I-Zinc iyinsimbi eguqukayo empunga ekhanyayo kanye nensimbi yesine “evamile”. Embonini yesimanje, i-zinc ayinakushintshwa ekukhiqizeni amabhethri futhi iyinsimbi ebaluleke kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-zinc nayo ingenye yezinto ezibalulekile zokulandela umkhondo zomzimba womuntu futhi idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu.
I-Zinc inzima ukuyishisa emoyeni futhi ikhipha ukukhanya okumhlophe okuqinile ku-oxygen. Kunongqimba lwezinc oxide ebusweni be-zinc, obukhipha intuthu emhlophe lapho isha. Ingxenye eyinhloko yentuthu emhlophe i-zinc oxide, engavimbi kuphela ukushiswa kwe-zinc, kodwa futhi ibonisa umbala welangabi ukuze wenze ukukhanya okukhanyayo. I-Zinc incibilika kalula ku-asidi futhi ingashintsha kalula igolide, isiliva, ithusi, njll. Ifilimu ye-oxide ye-zinc inezinga eliphezulu lokuncibilika, kodwa indawo yokuncibilika ye-zinc yensimbi iphansi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke ukushisa ama-zinc flakes esibani sotshwala kuzoncibilika futhi kunciphise ama-zinc flakes, kodwa angawi phansi, ngokuqondile ngenxa yomphumela wefilimu ye-oxide. I-Zinc isetshenziswa kakhulu kwezensimbi, i-metallurgy, imishini, ugesi, amakhemikhali, imboni yokukhanya, imboni yezempi neyokwenza imithi.
xazulula isixazululo:
1. Vacuum phansi u-360g we-metallic zinc bese wengeza kancane kancane ku-3340ml wesisombululo se-sulfuric acid esingu-15%, bese ushisa ku-70°C ukuze uphendule. Uma i-H2 ingasachichima, hlambulula ngamanzi angu-1200ml ukuze ulungise isisombululo se-zinc sulfate, khipha u-50ml, bese usebenzisa amanye ukuze uwasebenzise kamuva. I-4g ye-sodium carbonate yengezwe ku-50ml wekhambi elihlanjululwe, futhi i-zinc carbonate precipitate encishisiwe yagezwa kathathu ngamanzi (300ml isikhathi ngasinye) ukuze isetshenziswe. Chaza u-7.5 g we-ferrous sulfate heptahydrate ku-500 ml wamanzi, yenza i-asidi nge-1 ml ye-sulfuric acid ehlanzekile yezinga eliphezulu, ukushisa, bese wengeza u-30% we-hydrogen peroxide dropwise ukuze uguqule wonke ama-ion Fe2+ kusixazululo sibe yi-Fe3+ ions. Faka isixazululo se-iron sulfate esilungisiwe esixazululweni esishiwo ngenhla se-zinc sulfate, bese wengeza i-zinc carbonate precipitate elungisiwe ngokushukumisa, bese ushisa ku-30-40ºC ngaphansi kokunyakaziswa ngokushesha, futhi uyiyeke ime. Ngemva kokuba ikhambi selicacile, lihlunge. [ Ukususwa kwe-Fe(OH)3 kunetha ngo-As, P, Sb nokunye ukungcola]. I-filtrate ifakwe u-electrolyzed futhi inani elingu-PH liyalungiswa ukuze kwenziwe i-Congo ibe bomvu kancane ngokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngesikhathi se-electrolysis, sebenzisa i-premium grade pure noma i-zinc flakes njenge-cathode, i-zinc yezimboni njenge-anode, ibanga phakathi kwama-electrode amabili ngu-2-3cm, i-voltage phakathi kwama-electrode amabili ngu-6V, kanti ukuminyana kwamanje kuncike ekushiseni kwe-electrolyte. Ngemuva kokuthi i-200g ye-zinc imanzi, i-electrolyte kufanele iphinde ilashwe nge-iron sulfate ne-zinc carbonate ngokwendlela engenhla.
2. Ukulungiswa kwe-zinc kulungiswa ngokuncibilikisa i-zinc blende i-ZnS njengento eyinhloko eluhlaza. Ngokwezimboni, i-ZnS ivamise ukufakwa i-oxidized bese ibalwa ibe yi-oxide enokuphinda kusebenze okuhle. Bese usebenzisa indlela yokunciphisa ukushisa kanye nendlela ye-electrolysis ukuze ulungise i-zinc. Ishaja eyenziwe ngebhulokhi yokuthosa i-zinc kanye nempushana yamalahle ifakwa esithandweni sokuncibilikisa i-zinc ku-1300 ~ 1350 ° C ukuze kuphenduleke, umhwamuko wensimbi we-zinc okhiqizwa ukusabela kokunciphisa udlulela ku-condenser ye-zinc ngokusebenzisa ipayipi, futhi i-zinc yensimbi iyabanjwa. I-zinc yensimbi etholwe ngale ndlela inokungcola okuphezulu kakhulu. Ukuze uthole i-zinc ehlanzekile, i-vacuum distillation iyadingeka.
3. Chaza i-zinc oxide ezintweni ezibaliwe nge-sulfuric acid, khipha insimbi nge-oxidation, khipha i-cobalt, ithusi, i-nickel nokunye ukungcola nge-zinc powder, bese uyibeka esitokisini se-electrolytic esinomthofu njenge-anode ne-aluminium plate njenge-cathode. Ngesikhathi se-electrolysis, i-metallic zinc ifakwa epuleti le-aluminium futhi ihlutshiwe ukuze ibe umkhiqizo. Ukuhlanzeka kwe-zinc yensimbi ekhiqizwa yi-electrolysis kungafinyelela ku-99.99%.
Imininingwane eyengeziwe Isixhumanisi:https://www.wanmetal.com/
Umthombo oyisithenjwa: I-inthanethi
Umusho wokuzihlangula: Ulwazi oluqukethwe kulesi sihloko olokubhekisela kuphela, hhayi njengesiphakamiso esiqondile sokwenza izinqumo. Uma ungahlosile ukwephula amalungelo akho omthetho, sicela usithinte kusenesikhathi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-06-2021