"Peb tau pib thov rau qhov project thaum pib ntawm xyoo tas los. Vim muaj ntau yam, peb tsuas yog pib thov rau EIA nyob ib ncig ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav Festival xyoo no. Tam sim no, qhov project tau daig hauv EIA, thiab kev tsim kho pib tau cuam tshuam rau qee yam. Nws yog vim tias peb qhov project aluminium thib ob tau muab faib ua ob qhov siab. " Ib qho kev lag luam sab hauv koom nrog kev tsim cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab tau hais rau 21st Century Business Herald tias nws cov lag luam txhuas rov ua dua tau daig hauv cov txheej txheem kev ntsuam xyuas ib puag ncig thiab tsis tau pib tsim kho tom qab ib xyoos thiab ib nrab tom qab kev tsim ua tiav ntawm qhov project.
Qhov xwm txheej hauv lub tuam txhab no tsis yog ib leeg. Lub "14th Tsib Xyoo Txoj Kev Npaj rau Kev Txhim Kho Kev Lag Luam" tau tshaj tawm los ntawm National Development thiab Reform Commission thaum ntxov Lub Xya Hli tau teeb tsa lub hom phiaj tsim tawm txhua xyoo ntawm 11.50 lab tons rau kev lag luam aluminium thib ob los ntawm 2025. Tag nrho, "Plan" npaj los txhim kho qib ntawm kev ua thiab kev siv cov peev txheej txuas ntxiv dua tshiab, los txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam, kev tsim kho thiab kev tsim kho tshiab. agglomeration thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov khoom siv txuas ntxiv dua tshiab. Cov zis ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj hlau rov ua dua tshiab yuav ncav cuag 20 lab tons los ntawm 2025, ntawm cov khoom siv tooj liab thiab cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab tseem yuav ncav cuag 4 lab tons thiab 2.9 lab tons. Rau kev lag luam uas tsis yog-ferrous hlau rov ua dua tshiab, qhov no yog qhov xov xwm zoo tshaj plaws los txhawb kev coj ncaj ncees.
Tab sis qhov tseeb, dab tsi cov kws kho mob tab tom ntsib tsis yog tsuas yog tus cwj pwm zoo hauv kev tsim qauv saum toj kawg nkaus, tab sis kuj tseem muaj qee cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv tag nrho txoj cai saw hlau uas yuav tsum tau qhia meej sai li sai tau.
Kev lag luam ncig lossis "ob lub siab"?
Tau ntev, kuv lub teb chaws txoj kev lag luam uas tsis yog-ferrous hlau smelting kev lag luam tau tso siab rau kev siv cov khoom siv ntuj tsim. Txawm li cas los xij, vim tias cov peev txheej ntxhia tsis yog cov khoom siv txuas ntxiv dua tshiab, tom qab ntau xyoo ntawm kev tsuas, lub sijhawm ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov mining ntawm ntau lub ntsiab lus tau khiav tawm. Kev rov ua dua tshiab ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj hlau tau ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev lag luam thiab kev sib raug zoo ntawm peb lub teb chaws, feem ntau vim tias nws txo qis qhov kev thov rau kev rho tawm cov peev txheej tsis txuas ntxiv los ntawm kev tsuas.
Raws li Li Xinchuang, Secretary of Party Committee thiab Chief Engineer ntawm Metallurgical Industry Planning and Research Institute, piv nrog cov kev ua ub no uas tsis yog-ferrous hlau ntau lawm, cov khoom siv uas tsis yog-ferrous siv tau zoo heev nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm ib puag ncig cov txiaj ntsig. Cov txheej txheem uas tsis yog-ferrous hlau ntau lawm thiab smelting txheej txheem yuav tsum tau lub emission ntawm ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cov khoom, sulfur dioxide thiab lwm yam pa phem pa phem, raws li zoo raws li cov dej khib nyiab thiab smelting pov tseg residues, thiab nws cov ntau lawm yog nrog rau kev loj hlob ntawm non-ferrous hlau mines, uas yuav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau lub ntuj ecological ib puag ncig.
Li Xinchuang ntseeg hais tias raws li ib txoj hauv kev rov ua dua cov khoom pov tseg, cov hlau tsis yog hlau rov ua dua nws tus kheej yog kev lag luam tiv thaiv ib puag ncig. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm kev xav tau ntawm cov roj teeb lub zog cia, kev pov tseg ntawm cov roj teeb pov tseg kom zoo yog ze rau nws. Thiab nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm "dual carbon" lub hom phiaj, kev txhim kho ntawm kev lag luam uas tsis yog-ferrous hlau rov ua dua tshiab kuj tseem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev txhawb nqa kev lag luam hlau tsis-ferrous kom ncav cuag nws qhov siab tshaj plaws ua ntej thiab txhawb kev txhim kho ntawm cov khoom siv hlau uas tsis yog-ferrous kev lag luam.
Ib tus neeg saib xyuas kev lag luam uas tau koom nrog kev lag luam uas tsis yog hlau siv tau ntau xyoo tau hais rau 21st Century Business Herald tias tsuas yog siv cov khoom siv txhuas ua piv txwv, kev siv hluav taws xob hauv cov txheej txheem smelting ntawm cov khoom siv dua tshiab tsuas yog 4% mus rau 5% ntawm electrolytic aluminium smelting. Thiab ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub teb chaws casting aluminium alloy raw khoom tus qauv, lub emission thaum lub sij hawm thib ob aluminium smelting txheej txheem yog tsuas yog ib tug me me ntawm nitrogen oxides. "Yog li qhov tseeb, cov haujlwm uas tsis yog-ferrous hlau rov ua dua tshiab yuav tsum koom nrog kev lag luam ncig kev lag luam."
Tab sis qhov tseeb nws tsis yog li ntawd. Tsuas yog cov neeg ua lag luam tau hais los saum toj no uas tau ntsib teeb meem hauv EIA txuas, tus neeg saib xyuas lub tuam txhab tau hais los saum toj no kuj tau hais tias lub tuam txhab tau ntsib teeb meem ntau dua los yog tsawg dua hauv nws cov haujlwm uas tsis yog-ferrous hlau rov ua dua tshiab hauv ntau lub tebchaws. "Thaum tsim qhov project, nws yuav tsum tau piav qhia rau cov tub ceev xwm hauv nroog tias peb qhov project txawv ntawm cov hlau tsis yog hlau smelting. Nws muaj kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg thiab emissions tsawg. Hauv qee qhov chaw uas qhov project tsuas siv li ib nrab xyoo, peb xav tau ib xyoos. yav dhau los, tsuas yog ib qho xav tau. Rau peb, kev ntsuam xyuas ib puag ncig yuav siv sij hawm tsawg kawg peb lub hlis, qee zaum ib xyoo. "
Cov teeb meem kev nkag tau tshwm sim los ntawm kev muab faib ua "ob lub siab" ua kom ntev heev rau tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm qhov project txij li pib mus rau kev tsim kho. Vim qhov qeeb hauv kev pib ua haujlwm, cov tuam txhab uas tsis tuaj yeem tau txais daim ntawv tso cai ua haujlwm tau raug kev nyuaj siab heev ntawm cov peev txheej. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws kuj tau ua rau qee qhov kev nqis peev thiab nyiaj txiag ua haujlwm kom poob siab ntev hauv kev lag luam hlau rov ua dua tshiab.
Vim li cas kev lag luam hlau rov ua dua tshiab, uas tau teev meej meej tias yog ib qho kev lag luam tseem ceeb hauv txoj kev npaj kev lag luam ncig, tau muab cais ua "ob qhov siab" hauv cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb? Tus neeg saib xyuas ntawm lub tuam txhab tau hais los saum toj no tau hais tias qhov no yog vim tias kev sib xyaw ntawm cov txhuas txhuas thiab cov tooj liab thib ob tau raug faib ncaj qha raws li "aluminium smelting" thiab "tooj liab smelting" hauv "National Economic Industry Classification" tso tawm xyoo 2017.
"Cov Ntawv Teev Npe Kev Tiv Thaiv Ib puag ncig" tau hloov kho los ntawm Ministry of Ecology thiab Ib puag ncig xyoo 2020 tau tso npe siv tooj liab thiab rov ua dua tshiab. Yog li ntawd, ob tus kws kho mob tau hais los no kuj tau hais txog lawv txoj kev nkag siab txog kev faib khoom hauv zos rau hauv "ob lub siab": "Rau lub tuam tsev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig hauv zos, qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov cai tsis ncaj qha rau lawv txiav txim siab. Cov koom haum hauv zos tseem vam tias qhov teeb meem no tuaj yeem daws tau sai dua."
Tam sim no, ntau lub tuam txhab tau tshaj tawm cov teeb meem uas lawv ntsib rau cov koom haum kev lag luam. He Zhiqiang, tus thawj coj ua haujlwm ntawm Recycling Metal Branch ntawm Tuam Tshoj Nonferrous Metals Industry Association, tau hais rau 21st Century Business Herald tias lawv tau tshaj tawm cov teeb meem no rau cov tuam haujlwm cuam tshuam thiab sib txuas lus zoo.
Ntau qhov txuas tsis muaj zog yuav tsum tau ua kom sai sai
Kev hloov kho vaj tse-sab ntawm kev lag luam hlau tsis-ferrous tau txuas ntxiv mus rau xyoo tas los no. Cov concentration thiab scale ntawm kev lag luam tau nce tsis tu ncua, thiab cov nqi tso tawm tau rov ua rau cov keeb kwm siab. Tam sim no, nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kom muaj nuj nqis, kuv lub teb chaws cov zis ntawm kaum non-ferrous hlau nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no.
Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, He Zhiqiang kuj tau hais txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov taw qhia: kev ua lag luam. Hais txog kev sib koom ua lag luam, kuv lub teb chaws txoj kev lag luam uas tsis yog-ferrous hlau rov qab yog tseem rov qab. Xyoo 2020, tag nrho cov kev siv ntawm plaub loj hlau ntawm txhuas, tooj liab, zinc, thiab txhuas nyob rau hauv kuv lub teb chaws yog hais txog 77.6 lab tons, ntawm uas 21.5 lab tons ntawm recycled hlau, accounting rau 27.8% ntawm kev noj, yog 35.3% qis dua lub ntiaj teb nruab nrab, uas yog 7.5 feem pua cov ntsiab lus qis dua cov teb chaws tsim. Lub teb chaws nruab nrab ntawm 45% yog sib nrug.
Nws Zhiqiang tau hais rau 21st Century Business Herald tias qhov no feem ntau yog vim qhov loj ntawm cov hlau tseem ceeb thiab kev paub tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab hauv tag nrho lub zej zog. "Tshwj xeeb, qee qhov chaw xav tias kev siv cov khoom siv hlau tsis zoo yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm 'rov qab thiab kev txom nyem.' Tam sim no peb lub teb chaws muaj nyiaj, peb yuav tsum siv cov khoom siv pob zeb zoo tshaj plaws thiab kim tshaj plaws Qee cov neeg ntseeg yuam kev tias kev siv cov khoom siv hlau tsis zoo Nws yog kev lag luam uas muaj kuab paug siab thiab siv hluav taws xob siab Nws sib npaug ntawm cov khoom siv hlau tsis zoo nrog 'cov khib nyiab txawv teb chaws', thiab tsis lees txais cov ntaub ntawv pov tseg uas tsis yog ferrous hlau uas yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev hloov pauv ntawm Tuam Tshoj recycled non-ferrous hlau kev lag luam. Txoj kev loj hlob sai thiab noj qab nyob zoo ua rau nws nyuaj rau cov hauv kev tau txais hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib tw thoob ntiaj teb kom ua tau zoo.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Li Xinchuang kuj tau hais txog qhov tsis tshua muaj siab tam sim no ntawm kuv lub teb chaws kev lag luam hlau rov ua dua tshiab. Cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab yog cov lag luam me thiab nruab nrab, thiab feem ntau ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm "sib cais, chaotic, thiab me me". Kev sib sau thiab kev faib tawm, kev ua thiab kev xa khoom sib txuas yog qhov tsis muaj zog, thiab qib ntawm kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov khoom siv raw khoom thiab pretreatment yog tsawg.
Nyob rau theem kev, kuj tseem muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm kuv lub teb chaws thiab cov teb chaws tsim. Recycling non-ferrous hlau tshuab tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb lub thev naus laus zis raws li cov txheej txheem ntws. Ib qho yog cov ntaub ntawv sau thiab kev siv tshuab ua ntej; lwm yam yog cov khoom siv smelting extraction technology; thiab qhov thib peb yog by-product thiab residue kho technology. Nyob rau hauv He Zhiqiang txoj kev xav, kuv lub teb chaws cov teeb meem feem ntau tsom mus rau pem hauv ntej-kawg pretreatment technology thiab back-end slag kho tshuab.
Tshwj xeeb, ntau qhov kev rhuav tshem thiab rov ua haujlwm hauv kuv lub teb chaws txoj kev lag luam tooj liab rov ua dua tshiab tseem yog phau ntawv, nrog kev txheeb xyuas ntau, muaj kuab paug loj, thiab tsis muaj kev ua kom zoo dua qub. Hauv kev lag luam aluminium theem nrab, tseem muaj "kev cob qhia me me" txoj kev tsim khoom, thiab cov khoom siv txhuas cov khoom sib cais thiab kev txheeb xyuas cov cuab yeej rov qab. Li Xinchuang tau hais tias ntau lub lag luam muaj cov khoom siv rov qab smelting thiab loj aluminium kub poob; cov khoom muaj cov ntsiab lus impurity siab thiab tsis ruaj khov zoo. Txawm hais tias ib tus neeg thib ob aluminium nroj tsuag tau qhia txog lub ntiaj teb kev ua tiav tiav ntawm cov cuab yeej tsim khoom thiab thev naus laus zis, lawv tsis tau ua lawv lub luag haujlwm vim yog lub hauv paus ntawm seem aluminium thiab cov nqi ntau lawm.
Nws Zhiqiang coj txhuas ua piv txwv los muab cov txheej txheem ntawm ntau qhov kev xav tau: vim kev siv thev naus laus zis ua ntej rov qab, qhov rov qab yaj ntawm cov kaus poom yog tsawg dua 78%. Yog tias siv thev naus laus zis siab heev, tus nqi rov qab tuaj yeem nce mus rau ntau dua 85%; vim kev rov qab los ntawm slag Lub tshuab yog rov qab. Nyob rau hauv 2019 ib leeg, cov hlau poob los ntawm melting ntawm aluminium kev lag luam mus txog 1.27 lab tons. Yog tias tau txais kev siv tshuab siab heev, qhov kev poob no tuaj yeem raug txo los ntawm ntau dua 70%, txo cov txhuas hlawv los ntawm 1 lab tons, thiab txo qis carbon emissions los ntawm 14.4 lab tons; txuag hluav taws xob 15 billion degrees, sib npaug rau Gezhouba lub zog txhua xyoo.
He Zhiqiang ntseeg hais tias nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tsim cov phiaj xwm txhawb nqa thoob plaws hauv lub tebchaws, piav qhia txog lub luag haujlwm ntawm txhua tus neeg muaj feem. Piv txwv li: lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab, lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov khoom pov tseg, lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom, lub luag haujlwm ntawm pej xeem, lub luag haujlwm ntawm tsoomfwv, "txhua yam kev ua haujlwm raug txiav txim siab los ntawm kev cai lij choj thiab kev tswj hwm, tsuas yog cov txheej txheem tsim los ntawm txoj kev no thiaj li muaj txiaj ntsig."
Kev lag luam uas tsis yog-ferrous tseem yog ib qho ntawm yim lub lag luam tseem ceeb hauv lub teb chaws cov pa roj carbon kev lag luam yav tom ntej, thiab yuav tau txais ntau dua cov pa roj carbon tsawg tom qab tau suav nrog hauv kev lag luam carbon hauv teb chaws. Li Xinchuang tau qhia tias tam sim no cov xwm txheej ntawm kev lag luam tsis-ferrous cov pa roj carbon emissions thiab suav cov pa roj carbon emission txo kev koom tes tau pib ua tiav, thiab kev lag luam non-ferrous cov pa roj carbon emission accounting qauv kuj tau pib tsim.
Tus neeg saib xyuas ntawm Tuam Tshoj Nonferrous Metals Industry Association kuj tau hais meej tsis ntev dhau los uas cov tuam haujlwm cuam tshuam tau kawm thiab tsim "Kev Npaj Ua Haujlwm rau Carbon Peak hauv Kev Lag Luam Tsis-ferrous Hlau" thiab tau thov kom siv zog ua thawj zaug kom ua tiav cov pa roj carbon ntau hauv xyoo 2025. Cov phiaj xwm no zoo dua li cov pa roj carbon ntau hauv lub tebchaws. Lub sijhawm kom ncav cuag lub hom phiaj siab tshaj plaws yog tsawg kawg 5 xyoo ua ntej lub sijhawm. Nyob rau hauv Li Xinchuang txoj kev xav, qhov kev thov loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam tsis muaj hlau txuas txuas ntxiv yuav nce ntxiv hauv ob xyoos dhau los, yuav ua lub luag haujlwm ntau dua hauv kev tiv thaiv cov peev txheej, thiab tseem yuav ua lub luag haujlwm keeb kwm ntawm carbon emission txo.
(Sau: Wang Chen Editor: Zhou Shangqi)
Post lub sij hawm: Aug-19-2021