Menene alamu mai girma?

Menene alamu mai girma?

Aluminum mai launin azurfa ne mai launin azurfa da daraja na uku a cikin ɓawon cikin ƙasa bayan oxygen da silicon. Yawan aluminum yana da ƙarami, 34.61% na baƙin ƙarfe da 30.33% na tagulla, saboda haka ana kiranta ƙarfe mai haske. Aluminium mai ferrious ƙarfe ne wanda ba shi da amfani kuma na biyu ne kawai karfe a cikin duniya. Saboda aluminum haske ne, sau da yawa ana amfani dashi a cikin kerar ƙasa, jiragen ruwa, jiragen sama, jiragen ruwa, roka, roka, roka don ƙara nauyinsa da ƙara nauyin. Kayan kayan abinci a masana'antarmu ta yau da kullun ana kiransu aluminum mig. A cewar ka'idar kasa (GB / t 1196-2008), ya kamata a kira su "tarin aluminum don tunatar da", amma ana amfani da kowa don kiran su "aluminum m". Ana samarwa ta hanyar wutan lantarki ta amfani da Alumina-cryolite. Bayan redumas melu ya shigar da aikace-aikace aikace-aikace, akwai manyan rukuni biyu: jefa allurar Alumum da lalata aluminum. Alumuran Alumum da Alumolin Aluminium akwai sansanonin kayan silinum da aka samar ta hanyoyin jefa ƙuri'a; An lalata aluminum da aluminum kayayyaki da aka samar ta hanyar sarrafa aiki: faranti, sanduna, siffofi, siffofi, siffofi, siffofi, siffofi, siffofi, siffofi, siffofi, siffofi, siffofi, fastoci, siffofi, siffofi, fastoci, siffofi, siffofi, siffofi, siffofi, siffofi, fastoci, siffofi, siffofi, zane, siffofi, siffofi, da kebura. A cewar Standard Standard, "Inji yawan aluminum sun kasu kashi 8 bisa ga tsarin sunadarai, wadanda suke, al99.85, Al99.50, Al99,99, Al99.50, Al99.50, Al99.50, Al99,99, Al99,99, Al99.50, Al99.50, Al99,99,99 Wasu mutane suna kiran "A00" aluminum, wanda a zahiri aluminum tare da tsarkakakken 99.7%, wanda ake kira "Standarum aluminum" a kasuwar London. Ka'idojin fasaha na kasarmu a shekarun 1950 sun zo daga tsohon Tarayyar Soviet. "A00" shine alamar Rasha a cikin ka'idojin ƙasa na Soviet Union. "A" wasikar Rasha ce, ba Turanci ba "a" ko "a" haruffa na kasar Sin. Idan yana cikin layi tare da ƙa'idodin ƙasa, yana da cikakken bayani don kira "Standarum Aluminum". Tabbataccen Aluminum shine aluminum wanda ya ƙunshi 99.7% aluminum, wanda aka yi rajista akan kasuwar London.

Yaya ake yin ingots aluminum
Aluminum Ingot yana amfani da tsari Molten don yin allurar cikin mold, kuma bayan an cire shi bayan an cire shi a cikin slab, tsari na allura babban mataki ne ga ingancin samfurin. Tsarin simintin shima tsari ne na jiki na lu'ulu'u na lu'ulu'u na lu'ulu'u na lu'ulu'u a cikin manyan alumini mai ƙarfi.
Tsarin kwarara na simintin aluminum yana da kusan kamar haka: Maimaita kayan shakatawa-Fasting-Fory-gyare-gyare-gyare-gyare-gyare-gyada Samfurin binciken - Kasuwancin Kasuwanci

Hanyoyin da ake amfani da su na yau da kullun sun kasu kashi biyu cikin ci gaba da jefa-ƙasa

Ci gaba da jefa

Za'a iya raba simintin ci gaba zuwa gauraya murfin toka da kuma simintin waje. Duk suna amfani da injunan sansanonin. Haɗuwa da Furnace casting shine aiwatar da sayen kayan kwalliya a cikin tanderan ciyawa, kuma ana amfani da shi don samar da kayan allo na kayan ado. Ana aiwatar da casting na waje kai tsaye daga shimfiɗaɗɗen injin, wanda ake amfani da shi akasarin lokacin da kayan masu shigowa ke da matalauta da yawa a cikin ternace. Tunda babu tushen daɗaɗɗaɗɗen mai dumama, ana buƙatar shimfiɗaɗɗen yana da wani zazzabi, gabaɗaya yana da wani yanayi mai mahimmanci da 790 ° C a cikin hunturu don tabbatar da cewa aluminum yana da bayyanar da kyau.

Don jefa a cikin tsinkayen tanderace, dole ne a fara haɗawa da sinadarai, sannan a zuba a cikin hadewar wutar tashe, sannan a ƙara shi a ko'ina, sannan a ƙara shi a ko'ina, sannan a ƙara shi tare, sannan a ƙara shi a ko'ina, sannan a ƙara shi tare, sannan a ƙara shi a ko'ina, sannan a ƙara shi tare, sannan a ƙara shi a ko'ina, sannan a ƙara tare da gudana. Dole ne a jefa kukan Allion ingot ingot ɗin fiye da minti 30, kuma a iya jefa slag bayan bayani. A lokacin simintin, da ido na wutar murfi faraging an daidaita shi da murƙushe wutar lantarki na biyu da na biyu wanda zai iya tabbatar da canje-canje na bitch ɗin lokacin da aka canza canje-canje na kwastomomi da ƙirar ruwa. An haɗa ido da murfin toben da injin simintin tare da mai wanki. Zai fi kyau a gajarta mai ɓoye, wanda zai iya rage oxidation na alumini na aluminum kuma ku guji vortex da fashewa. Lokacin da aka dakatar da injin jirgin sama sama da 48, mold din ya kamata a preheated na tsawon awanni 4 kafin ya sake farawa. Molten alumin ya kwarara zuwa ga mold, da fim ɗin oxide a farfajiya na alamu na zazzage an cire tare da shebur, wanda ake kira scagging. Bayan an cika molaya ɗaya, an matsar da murfin zuwa ƙirar na gaba, kuma injinan injin casting yana ci gaba da ci gaba. Mold ya ci gaba a jere, da kuma molten aluminum a hankali suna sanyaya ƙasa. Lokacin da ta isa tsakiyar injin jefa ƙuri'a, alamu na moltt ya miƙe a cikin kayan alulla, waɗanda aka yi alama da lambar narke ta hanyar firintar. Lokacin da Aluminum mingot ya kai saman injin bitching din, ya cika duka gaba daya a cikin wani m m aluminum. A wannan lokacin, an juya mold, kuma inganta aluminum daga m, kuma ya fadi a kan atomatik samun kuma ya bunkasa ta atomatik kuma ya bunkasa kai tsaye kuma ya bunkasa ta hanyar da ya ƙare aluminum inganta. Ba a sanya ruwa ta hanyar feshin ruwa ba, amma dole ne a kawo ruwan bayan an kunna ruwa bayan cikakken tsarin bincike. Kowane ton na alamu na molt yana cinyaye kusan 8-10t na ruwa, kuma ana buƙatar bushewa don sanyaya cikin bazara. Ingot mai lebur ne mai laushi, da shugabanci na tsarkakewar aluminium yana daga ƙasa zuwa sama, da tsakiyar ɓangaren ɓangaren ƙasa mai ƙarfi, yana haɓaka shrinkage mai siffa. Lokaci na Sifikar da yanayi na kowane ɓangare na aluminum ingot ba ɗaya bane, don haka tsarin sunadarai zai zama daban, amma yana cikin layi tare da daidaito gaba ɗaya.

Cikakken lahani na kayan ado na aluminum don tunatarwa sune:

Pota. Babban dalilin shine zazzabi yana da girma sosai, aluminium din ya ƙunshi ƙarin pores (pinholes), farfajiya ne mai duhu, da fasa zafi suna faruwa a lokuta masu zafi.
② scag hada. Babban dalilin shine stainging ba shi da tsabta, yana haifar da slag hada kan saman; Na biyun shine cewa zazzabi na molten aluminum ya ƙasa ne, yana haifar da slag na ciki.
③rople da walƙiya. Babban dalilin shine aikin ba lafiya, marin aluminium yayi girma sosai, ko injin sayen baya baya gudana cikin ladabi.
Fr cracks. Cold Cracks ne galibi lalacewa ta hanyar zazzabi mai rauni, wanda ke sa aluminum aniot ba yawa, yana haifar da nauyi. Furyar da therery ta haifar da yawan zafin jiki na casting.
⑤ rarrabuwa na kayan aikin. Galibi lalacewa ta hanyar haɗuwa a lokacin da aka haɗa shi lokacin da aka jefa alloy.

A tsaye semi-ci gaba

Ana amfani da semi-ci gaba sosai don samar da kayan waya na aluminum, slab ingots da kuma allon da aka lalata wa allon aiki. Ana zubar da alumin za a zuba a cikin tsattsauran kore bayan juyawa. Saboda buƙatu na musamman na wayoyi, farantin m pante al-b dole ne a kara don cire shi don cire don cire don cire. Dole ne a ƙara stain tare da al-ti - b alloy (ti5% b1%) don magani na gyarawa. Sanya Kungiyar Kaya. Addara 2 # Magungunan gyarawa zuwa babban-magnesium alloy, adadin shine 5%, dama a ko'ina, bayan tsayawa tsutsotsi, sannan a jefa. Aika chassis na injin simintin kafin simintin, kuma busa daga danshi a kan chassis tare da iska mai sauƙaƙe. Sa'an nan kuma ɗaga farantin tushe a cikin murfin mai mai da aka yiwa mai, sanya kayan kwalliya a cikin ruwan ciki, don haka sanya kayan kwalliya a cikin sananniyar jaket, don haka a cikin wuri mai ɗorewa, don haka a cikin wuri mai ɗorawa a kowane Port. A farkon simintin, danna kan daidaitawar daidaitawa ta atomatik tare da hannuwanka don toshe gashin wuta, kuma bari aluminunum yana gudana cikin rarraba farantin ta hanyar kunnuwa. A lokacin da Sumanum ya kai 2/5 a cikin rarraba farantin, saki da atomatik Daidaita toshe, da alamu na kwarara a cikin Chassis. A lokacin da Sumanum ya kai 30mm mai girma a cikin Crystallizer, za a iya saukar da chassis, ruwa mai sanyaya zai fara aikawa. Mai daidaita atomatik yana sarrafa madaidaicin kwararar ruwa na ruwa a cikin murfin ruwa kuma yana riƙe da tsawo na ruwan da ke cikin ruwa a cikin Crystallized Basango. Scum da dodel na Oxide a saman alumini na moltt din ya kamata a cire shi cikin lokaci. A lokacin da tsawon da aluminum marit ne kusan 6m, toshe murfin murfin, cire ruwan farantin, ka cire shi a kan injin din din din din din din din din din din din ya hango shi kuma ya shirya don simintin. A lokacin simintin, zazzabi na molten aluminium a cikin hadar da wutar lantarki ana kiyaye shi a 685-690 ° C, da matsin lamba na ruwan sanyi shine 0.147-075psa matsi na ruwa shine 0.147-075pta ruwa mai sanyaya shine 0.147-075pta ruwan sanyi shine 0.147-077-0 796mpta.

Saurin jefa bindiga daidai gwargwado a cikin layi tare da square square:
Vd = k a ina v shine saurin sayen, mm / min ko m / h; D shine gefen gefen Ingot, mm ko m; K shine mafi girman darajar, M2 / H, gabaɗaya 1.2 ~ 1.5.

A tsaye a tsaye semi-ci gaba da simintin ciyarwa ne da aka kera. Bayan alumin zangon ya shiga rami na bugun kafa, ya fara kuka a kan farantin da ke ƙasa da bango na ciki na ƙirar. Saboda yanayin sanyaya na tsakiya da bangarorin sun bambanta, da lu'ulu'u sun sami nau'i na ƙananan tsakiyar da babba. Chassis ya sauko a wani lokaci mai sauƙin ciki. A lokaci guda, an ci gaba da yin amfani da ɓangaren sama tare da aluminum mai ruwa, saboda akwai yanki mai ƙarfi tsakanin ƙaƙƙarfan alamu da kuma aluminum mai ruwa. Saboda ruwan soal ɗin aluminium lokacin da yake santsi, kuma akwai Layer na lubrica mai a bangon ciki na ciki na ciki na ciki na ciki na ciki na ciki na ciki na ciki, alumini ya sauko, alumuran alumin ya sauka daga cikin Crystallizer. Akwai da'irar ramuka na ruwan sanyi a cikin ƙananan ɓangaren rafin mai kira, kuma ana iya fesa ruwan sanyi har sai ya tsere. A farfajiya na Aluminum na sakandare yana sanyaya sanyaya a sakandare har sai an jefa dukkan gidan waya.

Aoki Crystallization na iya kafa yanayi mai gamsarwa mai gamsarwa, wanda yake da amfani ga girman hatsi, kaddarorin injin da lantarki da kuma yin amfani da wutar lantarki. Babu wani banbanci a cikin kaddarorin na yau da kullun a cikin shugabanci na ingantawa, rarrabuwa shima ƙarami ne, ana iya samun ingantaccen tsarin.

A farfajiya na Aluminum Ideot ya zama lebur da santsi, kyauta na slag da katako, da kuma zurfin fasa. Babu wani karin kwallaye 5 da ƙasa da 1mm.

Babban lahani na kayan waya na alumini sune:

Fr cracks. Dalilin shi ne cewa yawan zafin jiki na aluminum na moltt ya yi yawa, saurin ya yi sauri, da kuma saura damuwa yana ƙaruwa; Abubuwan silin din a cikin keɓaɓɓen aluminium sun fi kashi 0.8%, kuma an samar da silicon na silicon, ko kuma adadin sanyin ƙarfe kyauta, kuma adadin ruwan sanyi bai isa ba. Lokacin da farfajiya na mold ko babu mai amfani da shi ana amfani dashi, farfajiya da kusurwoyin ingaren za su fasa.

② scag hada. A slag hada kan a farfajiya na undum ko zazzabi na aluminum na molten a saman alamu na zazzabi, da ticket a saman alamu yana shiga gefen Ingantaccen Molten a farfajiya yana shiga gefen da ke shigar da gefen ingayan. Wani lokacin mai amfani da mai zai iya kawo slag. Haɗin ciki na cikin gida yana faruwa ne ta hanyar ƙarancin zafin jiki na aluminum, da rashin ƙarfi na molag a cikin lokaci ko canje-canje masu sauƙin kai na matakin aluminum a lokacin jefa.

③kold gona. Samuwar katangar da ke haifar da lalacewa ta hanyar wuce gona da iri a cikin matakan molten a cikin m, ko kuma rawar jiki da kuma rawar jiki da kuma m sakin simintin mashin.

Pota. Pores da aka ambata anan suna nufin kananan pores tare da diamita na kasa da 1 mm. Dalilin wannan shi ne cewa yawan zafin jiki ya yi yawa kuma yana da haushi sosai, don gas ɗin ya ƙunshi ruwan da ke cikin aluminum ba zai iya tserewa don samar da pores a cikin ingot.

Farfajiya ba wuya. Saboda bango na ciki na Crystallizer ba shi da laushi, tasirin lubrication ba shi da kyau, da riguna na aluminum a kan cryalstal an kafa shi a cikin lokuta masu wahala. Ko kuma saboda rabo daga silicon ya yi yawa, abin da sabon abu ya haifar da sanyaya mara kyau.

⑥leakage na aluminum da sake bincike. Babban dalilin shine matsalar aiki, kuma mai girmamawar wanda kuma zai iya haifar da nodules.

Aikace-aikacen Cast na Siliki Sily (Al-Si)
Aluminum-Silicon (Al-Si) Alloy, wani juzu'i na siullar gaba daya 4% ~ 22%. Saboda Al-Si Alleoy yana da kyakkyawar kaddarorin simintin, kamar kyawawan abubuwan da ke cikin iska, ƙananan gyaran yanayi, yana da kyawawan kayan aikin ƙasa, kayan masarufi, juriya na jiki. Yana da mafi kyawun abu kuma yawancin nau'ikan m pround aluminum ado. Ga wasu misalai na yawancin waɗanda aka saba amfani dasu:

(1) ZL101 (A) Alayen ZL101 Dayoy yana da kyawawan tsaunuka na sama, matsakaici na kayan aiki, walda, simintin aiki, kuma ya dace don hanyar jigilar kayayyaki. Anyi amfani da Alloy don hadaddun sassan da ke haifar da wuraren daidaitawa, kamar sassan jirgin sama, kayan aikin gida, kayan aiki, motoci, sassan katako, da sassan lantarki. Bugu da kari, dangane da kan ZL101 Douty, ana samun ingantaccen abun da ke sarrafawa sosai, da kuma ZL101A duka tare da manyan kayan aikin injiniya ana samun su ta hanyar inganta fasahar simintiniya. An yi amfani da shi don jefa sassa daban-daban daban-daban, gawawwakin jirgin sama, motoci geboxes, da mai mai. Box elbows, kayan haɗi da sauran sassa masu ɗaukar kaya.

(2) Zl1y2 Alloy yana da mafi kyawun juriya da zafin jiki da tsananin ƙarfi, da kyau mai zafi, kuma yana da ƙananan ƙarfi da yawa. Ya dace da jefa manyan da bakin ciki-walled hadewar hadaddun. Dace da mutu jefa. Ana amfani da wannan nau'in alloy sosai don yin tsayayya da ƙananan kayan kwalliya tare da siffofi masu shinge, kamar su kayan aiki iri-iri, kayan aiki, kayan aiki na hakori, pistons, da dai sauransu.

(3) ZL104 Alloy zl104 Alloy yana da kyawawan tsaurin iska, ingantaccen ƙarfi da rawar jiki, mai sauƙi don samar da ƙananan pores, mai sauƙi don samar da ƙananan pores, mai sauƙin samar da ƙananan pores, mai sauƙin samar da ƙananan pores, mai sauƙin samar da ƙananan pores, mai sauƙin samar da ƙananan pores, da sauƙi don samar da ƙananan pores, mai sauƙin samar da ƙananan pores, walkiya da ƙarancin wuta, yana haifar da tsari yana da rikitarwa. Sabili da haka, ana amfani da shi musamman don ƙirƙirar ƙananan ƙwayoyin baƙin ƙarfe waɗanda ke tsayayya da babban kaya, masu shinge, masu satar jiragen ruwa, jiragen ruwa da sassan motoci, jiragen ruwa da sassan motoci, jiragen ruwa da sassan motoci, jiragen ruwa da sassan motoci, jiragen ruwa da sassan motoci, jiragen ruwa da sassan motoci, jiragen ruwa da kayan motoci, jiragen ruwa da sassan motoci, jiragen ruwa da sassan motoci, jiragen ruwa da sassan motoci, jiragen ruwa da sassan motoci, jiragen ruwa da kayan motoci.

(4) ZL105 Alloy Zl105 Alloy yana da babban kayan aikin injin, aikin mai gamsarwa da kuma kyakkyawan yanayin aiki fiye da Zl104 Dovery, amma ƙarancin filastik da kwanciyar hankali. Ya dace da hanyoyin simintin kuɗi daban-daban. Ana amfani da wannan nau'in alloy kawai don samar da jirgin sama, injin yashi na injin kuma ƙwayoyin sarkar gidaje, sassan silinda, da kuma abubuwan da ke tallafawa gidaje da sauran sassan mai.

Aikace-aikacen Castalin Alumumnum zinc (al-zn) alloy

Don al-zn Allos, saboda babban sonla na Zn a cikin Al, lokacin da ZN tare da taro na sama da 10% an kara wa Al, karfin alloy za'a iya kara shi muhimmanci. Kodayake wannan nau'in alloy yana da matsanancin tsufa da ƙarfi na zahiri da ƙarfi za a iya samu ba tare da ƙarfin zafi ba, babban yawa, da fatalwa sauƙi yayin jefa. Sabili da haka, wannan nau'in alloy ana amfani da shi yadda ake amfani da shi ne don kera sassan kayan gida na gida.

Halaye da aikace-aikacen na Al-zn Alloys sune kamar haka:

(1) Zl401 Alloy Kimayen Matsakaici, Matsayi kananan walƙanci, kyakkyawan walkiya, amma ƙananan ƙananan filohi, babban ƙarfi, da ƙananan rauni a cikin masara. Ana amfani da alloy galibi don sassan katako na casting daban-daban, yawan aiki ba ya wuce 200 digiri Celsius, da kuma tsari da siffar sassa na motoci da kuma jirgin sama da ke da hadaddun.

(2) Zl402 Alloy Aikin Kimanta, Kayan Aiki, Kayan Aiki, Smelting Tsarin aikin gona, kuma ana amfani da shi da yawa na kayan aiki, kuma ana yin amfani da su a matsayin masarufi, kuma yana jujjuyawa ƙafafun pistons.
Aikace-aikacen Cast aluminium magnesium (Al-MG) Aloy

Kashi na MG a cikin Al-Mg Alloy shine 4% ~ 11%. Alloy yana da ƙarancin yawa, kaddarorin kayan aikin ƙasa, kyakkyawan lalata lalata lalata, kyakkyawan lalacewa, da kyakkyawan yanayi. Koyaya, saboda rikitarwa na shafawa da smelting na smelting da smeres na irin wannan nau'in-menoy, ana amfani dashi azaman ado don ado. Halaye da aikace-aikacen da aikace-aikacen Al-MG Allighs sune kamar haka.

(1) ZL301 Aljan ZL301 Alloy yana da ƙarfi sosai, mai kyau elongation, kyakkyawan walible, ana iya girka, kuma ana iya girka. Rashin kyau shine cewa yana da hali ga microscopically sako-sako kuma yana da wuya a jefa. ZL301 Alloy Ana amfani dashi don ƙirƙirar sassan tare da manyan lalata undersion a ƙarƙashin digiri 150 da ruwa, kamar su Framesius, sanduna da na'urori da na'urori da kayan haɗi.

(2) ZL30 Alloy Zl303 Alloy yana da kyawawan juriya, kyakkyawan polishing, mai kyau casting, mai kyau compracties, kuma yana da hali don samar da ramuka na shrinkage. Ana amfani da shi da yawa sai a yi amfani da simintin tsami sosai. Ana amfani da wannan nau'in alloy don sassan kayan aiki a ƙarƙashin aikin lalacewa da sassa cikin yanayin sanyi ba ya wuce 200 ga Celsius, kamar sassan jigilar ruwa da injin ruwa.

(3) Zl305 Alloy Zl305 Alloy ana ƙara shi tare da Zn a kan juriya na zahiri, da rage hadin gwiwar kayan maye, da kuma rage cunkoso, porososion da poorce deven devences na pooy. Ana amfani da wannan nau'in alloy don babban-kaya, yawan zafin jiki a ƙasa 100 na Celsius, da kuma ruwan teku mai ƙarfi, kamar sassan cikin jiragen ruwa na ruwa.
Gabatarwa ga ilimin Aluminium
Ana iya sake maimaita aluminiin don sake fara-15kg, 20kg (≤99.80% al):
T-slangijin Alumini - 500kg, 1000kg (≤99.80% al):
High-fahayi aluminum m-10kg, 15kg (99.90% ~ 99.999% A;
Aluminum Aluloy qot - 10kg, 15kg (al - si, al - cu, al - mg);
Plate Ingot - 500 ~ 1000kg (don farantin abinci);
Zagaye spindles-30 ~ 60kg (don zane na waya).

Morearin Bayani na Haɗin:https://www.wanmetal.com/

 

 

 

Tushen Bayani: Intanet
Discimer: Bayanin da ke kunshe a cikin wannan labarin shine kawai don tunani ne kawai, ba azaman shawarar yanke shawara kai tsaye ba. Idan baku yi nufinta da keta haƙƙin doka ba, tuntuɓi mu cikin lokaci.