Chii chinonzi aluminium ingot?

Chii chinonzi aluminium ingot?

Aluminium isiriyo sirivheri yesirivheri uye simbi yechitatu mumapuranga epasi mushure meokisijeni ne silicon. Iko kushambadzira kweAluminium kwakashoma, chete 34.61% yesimbi uye 30,33% yemhangura, saka inonzi zvakare simbi. Aluminium isisiri-ferus simbi ine iyo yekubuda uye yekushandisa ndeyechipiri chete kusimbi munyika. Nekuti Aluminium iChiedza, inowanzoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwenyika, gungwa nemotokari dzemhepo dzakadai semotokari, zvitima, ndege, matanda, uye spacecreft kuderedza uremu hwayo uye kuwedzera mutoro. Iyo yakagadzirwa zvigadzirwa muindasitiri yedu yezuva nezuva inonzi aluminium ingots. Maererano neNational Standard / National Standard Iyo inogadzirwa nemagetsi uchishandisa alumina-cryolite. Mushure mekunge Aluminium migots kupinda maindasitiri ekushandisa, pane maviri makuru mapoka: Kanda Aluminium Alloys uye yakaremara Aluminium Alloys. Kanda Aluminium neAluminium Alloys ari aluminium castings inogadzirwa nekukanda nzira; Kuremerwa Aluminium uye Aluminium Alloys inogadziriswa maaluminium zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa nekumanikidza kugadzirisa nzira: Mahwendefa, zvimedu, matombo, matombo, mashanga, maumbwe, waya uye makakoshesi. Maererano neNational Standard, "anoyeuka mapundu eAlumini." Vamwe vanhu vanofona "A00" aluminium, iyo iri chaiyo aluminium ine kuchena kwe 99.7%, iyo inonzi "Standard Aluminium" mumusika weLondon. Maitiro edu ehunyanzvi muma1950s akauya achibva kune aichimbova Soviet Union. "A00" ndiyo yeRussia mhando muSoviet Union National Mayikodzano. "A" tsamba yeRussia, kwete Chirungu "a" kana "" ye "yeiyo" yeiyo Chinese Phetems Alphabet. Kana iri mumutsara ine zviyero zvepasi rese, zvakanyatsojeka kufonera "standard aluminium". Standard aluminium is a aluminium ingot ine 99.7% aluminium, iyo yakanyoreswa pamusika weLondon.

Maswera sei aaluminium akagadzirwa
Iyo Aluminium ingot kukanda maitiro anoshandisa yakanyungudutswa aluminium kuti ipinde muumbi, uye mushure mekunge yabviswa mushure mekunge ichinge yatonhorera slab, iyo jekiseni jekiseni idanho rechigadzirwa chechigadzirwa. Iyo yekukanda process zvakare iri maitiro epanyama ekuchema kwemvura aluminium mune yakasimba aluminium.
Maitiro ekuyerera kwekukanda maAluminium ingots incled ingots-casting alloy ingots-yakapera chigadzirwa kuongorora-yakapedza chigadzirwa kuongororwa-warehousing

Inowanzo shandiswa kudzikisira nzira dzakakamurwa kuita kuenderera mberi kwekukanda uye vertical semi-kuramba uchikanda

Kuenderera mberi kukanda

Kuenderera mberi kwekukanda kunogona kukamurwa muvanyorero manyorero kukanda uye kunze kwekukanda. Zvese zvinoshandiswa zvinoenderera zvinokanda michina. Kusanganisa choto ndiko kudzikisira mari yekukanda yakaumbwa muchoto chevanosanganisa, uye inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira aluminium ingots yekuyeuka uye kukanda alloys. Kupararira kwekunze kunoitwa zvakananga kubva kune runyararo kumuchina wekukanda, izvo zvinonyanya kushandiswa kana zvishandiso zvekukanda zvikasasangana nezvinhu zvekugadzira kana kunaka kwezvinhu zvinouya zvakanyanyisa kuitirwa zvakananga muchoto. Sezvo pasina chekunze kwekudziya sosi, zvinodikanwa kuti munyararira une tembiricha, kazhinji pakati pe690 cuine muzhizha uye 700 ° C kusvika ku760

Kukanda chvavhiko, izvo zvinongedzo zvinofanirwa kutanga zvasanganiswa, zvobva zvadururwa muvakasanganiswa, zvakamutswa zvakaringana, uye zvakawedzerwa nemvura yekunatsa. Iyo yekukanda alloy ingot inofanirwa kujekeswa kwemaminitsi anopfuura makumi matatu, uye iyo slag inogona kukandwa mushure mekujekeswa. Munguva yekukanda, ziso remuvengi revaivhesiti rakabatanidzwa pamwe neyechipiri uye yechitatu mifananidzo yekukanda muchina wekukanda, iyo inogona kuona imwe nhanho yekufambisa kana iyo yekuyerera inoyerera uye mold ichichinjika. Ziso remuimbi uye mushini wekukanda wakabatana neyekuchema. Zvirinani kuve nehurefu hwakapfupika, izvo zvinogona kuderedza aluminium oxidation uye dzivisa vortex uye kupaza. Kana iyo yekukanda muchina ikamiswa kweanopfuura maawa makumi mana nemasere, iyo mold inofanira kuwanda kwemaawa mana isati yatanga. Iyo yakanyungudutswa alumini inoyerera ichipinda mumumbure, uye firimu rehope pamusoro peiyo yakanyungudika aluminium inobviswa nefoshoro, iyo inonzi slagging. Mushure mekunge mumwe muumbi azere, iyo landder inotamiswa kune inotevera kuumbwa, uye musango wekukandira uchienderera mberi. Iyo MOLD inokwirira kutevedzana, uye iyo yakanyungudika aluminium zvishoma nezvishoma inotonhorera pasi. Kana ichisvika pakati pekukanda muchina wekukanda, iyo yakanyungudika aluminium yakasimbiswa muAluminium mipi, iyo yakaiswa mucherechedzo nenhamba inonyungudika nemuchinda. Kana iyo aluminium ingot ichisvika pamusoro pemuchina wekukanda, zvakasimbisa zvachose mune aluminium ingot. Panguva ino, kuumbwa kwacho kunoshandurwa, uye iyo aluminium ingot yakabviswa kubva kuumbwa, uye inowira pane otomatiki ingot kugamuchira trolley, iyo inowoneka nekukasirwa nekukasira kuti apedze aluminium ingot. Muchina wekukandwa wakatonhorera nemvura yekupuruzira, asi mvura yacho inofanira kupihwa mushure mekunge muchina wekukanda wakatenderwa kune imwe shanduko izere. Imwe neimwe toni yeiyo yakanyungudutswa aluminium inodya nezve 8-10t yemvura, uye blower inodikanwa kuti ive inotonhora muzhizha. Iyo ingot ndeye flat car casting, uye kutungamira kwekusimbisa kweiyo yakanyungudutswa aluminium iri kubva pasi kusvika kumusoro, uye pakati pechikamu chepamusoro chakapedzisira pakupedzisira, uchisiya shiri-yakavanzika shrinkage. Nguva yakasimbiswa uye mamiriro eimwe chikamu cheAluminium ingot hazvina kufanana, saka kuumbwa kwayo kuchaitawo kwakasiyana, asi kuri mumutsara pamwe nemakaenzana.

Kuremara kwakawanda kweAluminium miots nekuda kwekurangarira ndezve:

① stoma. Chikonzero chikuru ndechekuti kudzikisira tembiricha yakanyanya, iyo yaluminium ine yakawanda gasi, pamusoro peiyo aluminium ingot ine akawanda mapepa (mapinisheni), iyo nzvimbo yakasviba, uye masaga anopisa anoitika mumatare akanyanya.
② shuwa kusimbisa. Chikonzero chikuru ndechekuti kusvibisa hakuna kuchena, kuchikonzera kusagadzikana kwekuisa pamusoro pechiso; Yechipiri ndeyekuti tembiricha yeiyo yakanyungudutswa aluminium yakaderera, ichikonzera kusagadzikana kwemukati kusanganisa.
③riple uye flash. Chikonzero chikuru ndechekuti kuvhiya hakuna kunaka, iyo Aluminium ingot yakakura, kana muchina wekukanda haasi kumhanya zvakanaka.
④ marara. Cold cracks inonyanya kukonzerwa nekudzikisira kudzikisira kupisa tembiricha, iyo inoita kuti aluminium ingot kiredhiti kwete dense, ichikonzera kusununguka uye kunyange marara. Maropa ekupisa anokonzerwa nekukwira kwakanyanya kupisa tembiricha.
⑤ kusarudzika kwezvikamu. Inonyanya kukonzerwa nekusanganisa kusingaenzaniswi kana uchikanda alloy.

Vertical semi-inoenderera ichikanda

Vertical semi-inoenderera ichishandiswa inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzirwa kweAluminium waya wire ingots, slab ingots uye akasiyana mahonje akaremara alloys ekugadzirisa profiles. Iyo yakanyungudutswa aluminium inodururwa mune iyo yekuvhenganisa choto mushure mekuraswa. Nekuda kwezvinodiwa zvido zve waya, iyo yepakati plate al-b inofanira kuwedzerwa kubvisa titanium neVanadium (waya ingots) kubva ku yakanyungudika aluminium isati yadzima; Iyo slabs inofanira kuwedzerwa neAl-ti - b alloy (ti5% b1%) yekumanikidza kurapwa. Ita kuti pasangano repasi rakanaka. Wedzera 2 # Kunatsa Mumiririri-Magnesium Alloy, iyo huwandu ndeye 5%, kumutsa zvisina kunaka, mushure mekumira kwemaminitsi makumi matatu, bvisa scum, wobva wakandwa. Simudza chassis yemuchina wekukanda usati wadikiswa, uye upe munyoro pane chassis nemhepo yakamanikidzwa. Wobva wasimudza ndiro base muCyryAffer, simudza denderedzwa remafuta kumadziro emvura Pakutanga kwekukanda, tinya iyo otomatiki yekugadzirisa plug neruoko rwako kuti udzivise ziso, rema ruzha rwechiratidzo chevavengi, uye iyo aluminium mvura inoyerera ichipinda mumvura yekuparadzira kuburikidza nekupararira. Kana iyo aluminium mvura inosvika 2/5 mune yekuparadzira ndiro, osunungura otomatiki iyo plug kuitira kuti iyo yakanyungudika aluminium inoyerera muCrystallizer, uye yakanyungudutswa aluminium yakadzoreredzwa pane chassis. Kana iyo aluminium mvura inosvika 30mm yakakwira muCrystallizer, chassis inogona kudzikiswa, uye mvura inotonhorera ichatanga kutumirwa. Iyo otomatiki yekugadzirisa plug inodzora kuyerera kweiyo aluminium yakapinda muCrystallizer uye inochengeta kukwirira kweiyo aluminium mvura mune crystallizer isina kuchinjika. Iyo scum uye firimu yehumbo pamusoro peiyo yakanyungudutswa aluminium inofanira kubviswa munguva. Kana kureba kweiyo Aluminium ingot yave munenge muna 6m, bvisa ndiro yemvura, bvisa iyo jekete yemvura ichinge yazara Munguva yekukanda, tembiricha yeiyo aluminium yeAluminium mune yakasanganiswa chivimbi inochengetwa na690-7L0

Iyo yekumhanyisa yekumhanyisa inoenderana neiyo mutsara ingot ine chikamu chikamu:
Vd = k uko v ndiko kumhanyisa kumhanya, mm / min kana m / h; D ndiyo nzira yehurefu yeiyo ingot chikamu, mm kana m; K ndiyo kukosha kweiyo, m2 / h, kazhinji 1.2 ~ 1.5.

Vertical semi-inoenderera ichikanda casting ndeyekutevedzana nzira yekristasi. Mushure mekunge iyo alumini alumini inopinda negomba rekukanda, inotanga kuchema pane yepazasi ndiro uye madziro emukati wechiumbwa. Nekuti mamiriro ekutonhora epakati uye mativi akasiyana, crystallization inoumba fomu yepakati uye yakakwirira periphery. Iyo chassis inoburukira pakumhanya nguva dzose. Panguva imwecheteyo, chikamu chepamusoro chinoenderera mberi chakaiswa nejekiseni aluminium, zvekuti pane nzvimbo yakasimbiswa pakati peiyo yakasimba aluminium uye mvura aluminium. Nekuti iyo aluminium liquid inodonha kana ichinge ichiremerwa, uye pane denderedzwa mafuta emadziro emadziro ezvemvura yekristallizer, sezvo chifukidziro chevhu, iyo aluminium inobuda iyo crystallallallallallallallallizer. Kune denderedzwa remakomba emvura anotonhorera mune yakadzika chikamu chekristiya, uye mvura inotonhorera inogona kupfirwa kusvikira yatizira. Pamhepo yealuminium ingot inoiswa pasi pekutonhora kusvikira waya waya wose ikakandwa.

Sequential crystallization inogona kutanga mamiriro ekusimbisa mamiriro ekunze, ayo anobatsira kuhukuru hwezviyo, manhamba emagetsi uye magetsi ekurongedza crystallization. Iko hakuna mutsauko mune zvekushandisa mumativi ekureba kweiyo fananidziro yekufananidza, kusarurana idiki zvakare, chiyero chinotonhorera chinokurumidza, uye chimiro chakanakisa chekristaro chinogona kuwanikwa.

Kumusoro kweiyo Aluminium Wire ingot inofanira kunge iri flat uye yakasununguka, marara, etcken, iyo yekudzora, uye chikamu chinofanira kunge chisina marara, pores uye kusagadzikana. Iko hakuna anopfuura mashanu ekushambadzira kushoma pane 1mm.

Iko kuremara kukuru kweAluminium waya ingots ndeye:

① marara. Icho chikonzero ndechekuti tembiricha yeiyo aluminium yakanyanyisa, kumhanya kwacho kwakanyanya kukurumidza, uye kushushikana kwakasara kuchawedzera; Iyo silicon zvirimo mune yakanyungudutswa aluminium yakakura kupfuura 0.8%, uye iyo yakanyungudutswa yeAluminium uye yakaenzana neiyo silicon yakaumbwa, iyo inowedzera iyo yekupisa nzvimbo yesimbi: kana huwandu hwemvura inotonhorera haina kukwana. Kana pamusoro peiyo mold yakaomeswa kana isina lubricant inoshandiswa, iyo nzvimbo nemakona emakona anozopaza.

② shuwa kusimbisa. Iyo SLAG kusimbisa pamusoro peiyo aluminium Wire Ingot inokonzerwa nekuchinjika kweiyo yakanyungudika aluminium, iyo kubvarura yefirimu yeiyo yakanyungudutswa aluminium, uye iyo scum iri pamusoro pekupinda divi reiyo ingot. Dzimwe nguva mafuta anovhiringidza mafuta anogona zvakare kuunza mune imwe slag. Yemukati Slag Kubatanidzwa kunokonzerwa nekushambadzira kwekudziya kweluminium, iyo yakakwira viscosity, kusakwanisa kweiyo slag kuyamwa munguva kana shanduko inowanzo shanduka aluminium aluminium panguva yekukanda.

③Cold compartment. Kuumbwa kwechitonhora kwekutonhora kunonyanya kukonzerwa nekunyanyisa kushanduka mune yakawandisa aluminium mune iyo mold yekukanda, yakaderera yekukanda tembiricha, kana kuderera uye kudonha kwemushini wekukanda.

④ stoma. Pores inotaurwa pano inotaura kune diki pores ine diameter yeisingasviki 1 mm. Chikonzero nei ndechekuti iyo yekukanda tembiricha yakanyanya uye yekukanda iri kukurumidza kwazvo, kuitira kuti gasi ranyatsopukunyuka munguva, uye mushure mekusimbisa, mabhurugwa madiki akaunganidzwa kuti aumbe pores mune ingot.

⑤Nzvimbo yakashata. Nekuti madziro emukati weCrystallizer haana kutsvedza, iyo magetsi emhedzisiro haina kunaka, uye aluminium tumor pane iyo crystal nzvimbo yakaumbwa mune zviitiko zvakakomba. Kana kuti nekuda kweiyo ratio yesimbi kune silicon yakakura kwazvo, iyo segregation phenomenon yakakonzerwa nekutonhora kusingaoneki.

⑥leakage yealuminium uye kuongorora zvakare. Chikonzero chikuru ndechekushanda dambudziko, uye chakakomba chinogona kukonzerawo madziva.

Application ye cast aluminium silicon (al-si) alloy
Aluminium-silicon (al-si) alloy, iyo misa yeiyo si inowanzoita 4% ~ 22%. Nekuti Al-siloy ine yakanaka yekukanda zvivakwa, zvakadai sekunyora kwakanaka, mhepo yakanyanya kuwanda uye yekuchinjika uye yekushambadzira, ine zvivakwa zvekupfura, zvivakwa zvezvivakwa uye zvepamhepo zvinokonzeresa zvinhu. Iyo ndiyo inonyanya kukosha uye yakanyanya mhando yemhando yekukanda aluminium alloy. Heano mimwe mienzaniso yevanonyanya kushandiswa kushandiswa:

. ZL101 Alloy yave ichishandiswa zvikamu zvakaoma zvinotakura zvine mwero, senge zvikamu zvechirume, zviridzwa, zviridzwa, mota dzechikepe, mauto echikepe, miviri yemapombi, mabhureki manyoro, uye zvikamu zvemagetsi. Mukuwedzera, zvakavakirwa paZL101 Alloy, zvinyorwa zvekusachena zvakadzama, uye iyo ZL101A Alloy ine manhamba epamusoro anowanikwa nekuvandudza tekinoroji yekukanda. Yange ichishandiswa kukanda dzakasiyana-siyana dzimba dzekuti, ndege dzemapombi, mota emagiribhi, uye mafuta emafuta. Bhokisi elbows, ndege accessories uye zvimwe zvidimbu-zvidimbu zvikamu.

. Izvo zvakakodzera kukanda yakakura uye yakaonda-yakavhenganiswa yakaoma zvikamu. Yakakodzera kufa. Rudzi urwu rwefiroti runonyanya kushandiswa kuti runyararire rakaderera-mutoro wakakomberedzwa nemhando dzakaomarara, dzakadai seyakasiyana-siyana dzehupfumi, madhiri emhepo, zvemagetsi, mapepa, etc.

. Naizvozvo, zvinonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira yakakura-sizi yesimbi yemhando yepamusoro inotsamwisa, sekutamisa masaga, cylinder mhezi, belt vhiri, ngarava, ngarava uye ngarava uye mota uye mota dzemotokari.

. Izvo zvakakodzera nzira dzakasiyana siyana dzekukanda. Rudzi urwu rwevanhu runonyanya kushandiswa kuburitsa ndege, injini jecha mold uye simbi yekudzima zvikamu, sekutamisa masheya, hydraulic pombi dzimba uye nekubata zvikamu, pamwe nekubata zvinongedzo uye zvimwe zvikamu zvechisimba.

Application ye cast aluminium zinc (al-zn) alloy

Zveal-zn alloys, nekuda kwekukwira kwakanyanya solubility ye zn muAl, apo Zn ine chikamu chakawanda chevakawanda kupfuura gumi muzana inowedzerwa kuna Al, simba rehukuru rinogona kuve rakavandudzwa zvakanyanya. Kunyangwe rudzi urwu rwevanhu vakakwirira vane ruzivo rwekukwira uye hombe rinogona kuwanikwa pasina kurapwa, zvakashata zverudzi urwu rwehukama hurombo hwekushora, kuwedzera kwakanyanya, uye kupaza kupisa zviri nyore panguva yekukanda. Naizvozvo, rudzi urwu rwevanhu runonyanya kushandiswa kugadzirwa kwekugadzira-kudzvanywa dzimba dzekugara.

Hunhu uye zvikumbiro zvezvinowanzo cakari al-zn alloys dziri seinotevera:

. ZL401 Alloy inonyanya kushandiswa kumanikidzwa kwekumanikidza kukanda zvikamu, tembiricha yekushanda haina kupfuura 200 degrey celsius, uye chimiro uye chimiro chemotokari uye zvikamu zvemotokari zvakaoma.

. mavhiri, uye mhepo compressor pistons.
Application yeakadzvanywa aluminium magnesium (al-mg) alloy

Chikamu chakawanda cheMG mune al-mg alloy ndeye 4% ~ 11%. Iyo Alloy ine density yakaderera, yakakwira mechaniki zvivakwa, zvakanakisa kurwisa, kuita kwakanaka kwekutema, uye kune yakajeka uye yakanaka uye yakanaka. Nekudaro, nekuda kwekunyepedzera kunyengera uye kukanda nzira yemhando iyi yeiyo alloy, kuwedzera pakushandiswa serudzi rwekushambadzira, rinoshandiswawo seyakawoneka seyakaitwa yekushongedza. Hunhu uye zvikumbiro zvezvinowanzo cakari al-mg alloys ari anotevera.

. Iko kusanganisa ndekwekuti ine tsika yekuita microscopically yakasununguka uye yakaoma kukanda. ZL301 Alloy inoshandiswa kugadzira zvikamu zvine simba rekugadzira pasi pemutoro wakanyanya

. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kufa. Rudzi urwu rwevaridzi runonyanya kushandiswa zvezvikamu zvezvikamu zviri pasi pechiitiko cheCorrosion kana zvikamu mumatare anotonhora kwete kupfuura mazana maviri emadhigirii, akadai seMarine Shiri zvikamu uye masheera emuchina.

. ' Rudzi urwu rwevanhu runonyanya kushandiswa kune yakakwirira-mutoro, tembiricha iri pazasi 10 degrees celsius, uye zvikamu zvakakura zvinokatyamadza zvinobata mumhepo yemugadziro kana mvura yemakumbo emarine.
Nhanganyaya yeAluminium ingot zivo
Aluminium ingot yekurumidziro-15kg, 20kg (≤99.80% al):
T-yakavezwa aluminium ingot - 500kg, 1000kg (≤99.80% Al):
Yakakwira-iyo PURETINAMININIM Mhino-10kg, 15kg (99.90% ~ 99.999% al);
Aluminium Alloy ingot - 10kg, 15kg (al - si, al - cu, al - mg);
Plate ingot - 500 ~ 1000kg (yemari inogadzira);
Kutenderera spindles-30 ~ 60kg (ye waya yekudhirowa).

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinobatanidza:https://www.wanmetal.com/

 

 

 

Reference sosi: Internet
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