Kodi aluminium indot ndi chiyani?

Kodi aluminium indot ndi chiyani?

Aluminium ndi chitsulo choyera ndi siliva ndi chachitatu mu kutumphuka kwapadziko lapansi pambuyo pa mpweya pambuyo pa siyickon. Kuchulukitsa kwa aluminiyamu ndikochepa, kokha 34.61% ya chitsulo ndi 30.33% yamkuwa, motero amatchedwanso chitsulo chopepuka. Aluminiyamu ndi chitsulo chosakhala chopanda mphamvu chomwe chotulutsa ndi kumwa ndi chachiwiri kukhala chachitsulo padziko lapansi. Chifukwa aluminayamu ndi kuwala, nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malo, magalimoto am'nyanja monga magalimoto, ma sitima, zombo, maroketi, ndi spacecraft zochepetsera kulemera kwake ndikuwonjezera katundu. Zipangizo zopangira m'makampani athu a tsiku lililonse amatchedwa aluminiyamu. Malinga ndi mtundu wa National Standard (GB / T 1196-2008), ayenera kutchedwa "aluminiyamu a aluminiyamu kuti akumbukire", koma aliyense amagwiritsidwa ntchito powatcha "aluminiyamu" aluminiyamu ". Imapangidwa ndi electrolysis pogwiritsa ntchito alumina-curfolite. Pambuyo pa aluminiyamu miyala kulowa mafakitale, pali magulu awiri akulu akulu: oponya aluminium aluminiyamu ndi ma alminium alminiyamu. Ponyani aluminium ndi aluminium overloys ndi miyala ya aluminium yomwe imapangidwa ndi kutulutsa; Aluminiyamu a alminiyamu ndi aluminiyam overlos amakonzedwa zinthu za aluminium zopangidwa ndi njira zogwiritsira ntchito zovuta: mbale, zingwe, machubu, zingwe, zingwe, zingwe ndi zophweka. Malinga ndi muyezo wa National, "kukumbukira ma aluminiyamu kumagawika m'magawo 8 malinga ndi kapangidwe ka mankhwala, omwe ali al99.90.80.7, Al99.7e, Al99.7e, Al99.7 Anthu ena amatcha "acum" aluminiyamu, omwe amakhala aluminiyamu wokhala ndi chiyero cha 99.7%, omwe amatchedwa "muyezo wa aluminiyamu" ku London. Miyezo yathu yaukadaulo ya dziko mu 1950 idachokera ku Soviet Union wakale. "A00" ndi mtundu waku Russia ku dziko la Soviet Union. "A" ndi kalata ya Russia, osati Chingerezi "" "kapena" a "a" cha zilembo za Chinese. Ngati ili pamzere ndi miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi, ndizolondola kutchula kuti "soluminim". Mankhwala aluminiyamu ndi aluminium ing yokhala ndi 99.7% aluminium, omwe adalembetsedwa pamsika wa London.

Kodi ma aluminium alumuyamu bwanji
Njira ya aluminiyamu itatu imagwiritsa ntchito molten aluminiyamu kuti mulowe mu nkhungu, ndipo zitatulutsidwa atakhazikika mu slab yoponyedwa, kayendedwe ka jekeseni ndi gawo lofunikira pazinthu. Njira yopsinjika ndi njira yakuthupi ya crystall amadzimadzi aluminim kukhala aluminiamu yolimba.
Njira yodumpha yoponyera aluminium intum ili motere Ma Ints - Kutayika Althots inntots - Kumaliza Kuyeserera Kwazinthu Zomaliza

Njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri zimagawika zimagawika popititsa patsogolo kwambiri komanso zofuula zosalekeza

Kuponyera kopitilira

Kuponya kopitilira kumatha kugawidwa mu ng'anjo yosakanikirana yoponyera ndi kuponyera kunja. Onse amagwiritsa ntchito makina opumira mosalekeza. Kusakaniza Mng'alu Kuponyera ndi njira yochotsera zilumini kulumini mu ng'anjo yosakanikirana, ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga aluminium intuts pokumbukira ndi kuponyera entros. Kuponyera kunja kumachitika mwachindunji kuchokera kumakina ogwirizira Popeza palibe gwero louluka lakunja, likufunika kuti wagudumuyo ali ndi kutentha kwina, makamaka pakati pa 690 ° C mpaka 700 ° C mpaka 760 °

Poponyera mkanjo wosakaniza, zosakanizo ziyenera kuphatikizidwa koyamba, kenako zimathiridwa mu ng'anjo yosakaniza, yolimbikitsidwa makamaka, kenako kuwonjezera ndi flux poyenga. Ma istoy ingroy ispot ayenera kufotokozedwa kwa mphindi zopitilira 30, ndipo slag imatha kuponyedwa. Pakamwa, diso la ng'anjce yosakaniza imagwirizana ndi mphukira yachiwiri ndi yachitatu ya makina opondereza, omwe angaonetsetse kusuntha kwakanthawi kosintha kwamadzimadzi ndikusintha. Diso la ng'anjo ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito amalumikizidwa ndi zovala. Ndikwabwino kuti mukhale ndi zovala zazifupi, zomwe zimatha kuchepetsa ma oxidation a aluminiyamu ndikupewa vortex ndi kuwaza. Makina ogwirizira atayimitsidwa kwa maola opitilira 48, nkhungu iyenera kukhazikitsidwa kwa maola 4 musanayambenso. Alumini aluminiyamu amatuluka mu nkhungu kudzera pa wochapidwa, ndipo kanema wa oxide pamwamba pa aluminiyamu osungunuka amachotsedwa ndi fosholo, yomwe imatchedwa kuti kumenyedwa. Mvula imodzi ikadzazidwa, kuchapa kumasuka ku nkhungu yotsatira, ndipo makina opondereza amapitiriza mosalekeza. Kupita patsogolo motsatizana, ndipo zitsulo zosungunuka pang'onopang'ono zimayamba kuziziritsa. Ikafika pakati pamakina oponyera, aluminiyamu osungunuka akhazikika mu aluminiyamu a aluminium alumini Pamene aluminiyamu indot imafika pamwamba pamakina ogwiritsira ntchito, itakhazikika mu aluminiyamu indot. Pakadali pano, nkhungu imatembenuka, ndipo ma aluminiyamu a aluminium amatulutsidwa kuchokera ku nkhungu, ndikugwera pa indot indot i i indot indot kulandira Trolley, yomwe imangomangidwa ndikukhomeredwa ndikulowetsedwa ndi okhazikika kuti ikhale yomalizira alumu. Makina opondereza amakhazikika ndi madzi othira madzi, koma madzi ayenera kuperekedwa pambuyo pa makina opondereza ayatsidwa kuti asinthidwe athunthu. Ton iliyonse ya aluminiyamu yosungunuka imatha pafupifupi 8-10t yamadzi, ndipo blowder imafunikira kuti ikhale yozizira nthawi yachilimwe. Ingot ndi kutonthoza kwathyathyathya, ndipo njira yolimbika ya aluminiyamu yosungunuka imachokera pansi mpaka pamwamba, ndipo pakati pa kumtunda, ndipo pakati pa kumtunda, ndikusiya kupanga shring shring. Nthawi yolimba ndi zochitika za gawo lililonse la aluminiyamu sizili zofanana, kotero kapangidwe kake kamakhala kosiyananso, koma kumagwirizana ndi muyezo wonse.

Zofooka zofala za aluminiyamu a aluminium kuti akukumbukira ndi:

Stoma. Cholinga chachikulu ndikuti kutentha kokhazikika kumakhala kokwera kwambiri, ma alumini aluminiamu amakhala ndi mpweya wochulukirapo, mawonekedwe a aluminiyamu inghat ali ndi pores ambiri (ma piece), ming'alu yotentha imachitika moopsa.
② slag kuluma. Cholinga chachikulu ndikuti akuvutitsidwa si oyera, chifukwa choberekera pamtunda; Chachiwiri ndikuti kutentha kwa zitsulo zosungunuka kuli kotsika kwambiri, ndikupangitsa kuti amenyedwe mkati.
③ipple ndi kung'anima. Cholinga chachikulu ndikuti opaleshoniyo si bwino, aluminiyamu ingoti ndi yayikulu kwambiri, kapena makina opondereza sakuyenda bwino.
④ ming'alu. Ming'alu yozizira imayambitsidwa ndi kutentha kochepa kwambiri, komwe kumapangitsa ma shot a aluminiyamu ings osati aluti, akumayambitsa ming'alu komanso ming'alu. Ming'alu yamatenthedwe imayambitsidwa ndi kutentha kwambiri.
- Kusankhana kwa zigawo zikuluzikulu. Zimachitika chifukwa chosakanikirana mosavuta mukamaponya zitsulo.

Kutulutsa kosalekeza

Kupsinjika kwa semi-mosalekeza kumagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga aluminiyamu waya wa aluminiyamu, a Slab iyandi ndi ma wambani osiyanasiyana osinthika pokonza. Malumini aluminium amathiridwa mu ng'anjo yosakanikirana pambuyo pobera. Chifukwa cha ma waya a al-b ayenera kuwonjezeredwa kuti achotse titanium ndi vadium (waya (waya (waya (waya (waya (waya (waya) kuchokera ku zitsulo zosungunuka musanatuluke; Ma slab ayenera kuwonjezeredwa ndi al-ti - blloy (ti5% B1%) kuti akonze chithandizo. Pangani mawonekedwe a bungwe labwino. Onjezani wothandizila 2 # wokhoza kutchuka kwambiri, kuchuluka kwake ndi 5%, kusokoneza momwemo, mutayimirira kwa mphindi 30, chotsani scum, kenako ndikunyengerera. Kwezani chassis a makina opondereza musanatuluke, ndikuwotcha chinyontho pa chassis ndi mpweya wopanikizika. Kenako kwezani phirilo la crystalizer, Ikani mafuta odzola kukhoma mkati mwa crystallizele, ikani mbale ina yozizira komanso yopanga zowonjezera. Kumayambiriro kwa kuponyera, kanikizani pulogalamu yosintha yokha ndi dzanja lanu kuti mutseke phokoso, dulanitse khungu la ng'anjo yosakaniza, ndikuyika ma aluminiyumu amadzimadzi. Pamene phula lamadzimalo limafika 2/5 mu mbale yogawa, itulutse kusintha kwaokha kuti zisungunuke kuti zisungunuke, ndipo zitsulo zosungunuka zimakhazikika pa Chassis. Pamene ma aluminium amadzimadzi atafika pa crystallelizer, chassis chitha kutsitsidwa, ndipo madzi ozizira adzayamba kutumizidwa. Pulani yosintha yokha imawongolera mayendedwe oyenda bwino a aluminium amadzi mu crystallizer ndikusunga kutalika kwa madzi a aluminium osasinthika. Scum ndi kanema wa oxide pamwamba pa aluminiyamu osungunuka ayenera kuchotsedwa mu nthawi. Pamene kutalika kwa aluminiyamu indot ndi pafupifupi 6m, tsekani ng'anjoyo, chotsani madzi osokoneza bongo atakhazikika, ndikuyiyika pamakina ofunikirawo ndikukonzekera kuponya kotsatira. Pakamwa, kutentha kwa zitsulo zosungunuka mumasungidwa pa 690-7-7L0 ° °

Kuthamanga kopsinjika ndikofanana ndi mzere i ing ndi gawo lalikulu:
Vd = k pomwe v ndi kuthamanga, mm / min kapena m / h; D ndi kutalika kwa gawo la inglot, mm kapena m; K ndi mtengo wokhazikika, M2 / H, nthawi zambiri 1.2 ~ 1.5.

Kupsinjika kwa semi-mosalekeza ndiko njira yolira mokhazikika. Pambuyo pa aluminiyalu aluminiya atalowa mu dzenje lopumira, limayamba kulira pansi ndi khoma lamkati la nkhungu. Chifukwa choti malo ozizira a pakatikati ndi mbali zake ndi zosiyana, makristulo amapanga mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe otsika pakati komanso apamwamba. Chasis chimatsika mwachangu. Nthawi yomweyo, gawo lakumwambalo limakhazikika mosalekeza ndi madzi aluminiyamu, kotero kuti pali malo okhazikika pakati pa aluminium yolimba ndi madzi aluminiyamu. Chifukwa chakuti madzi a aluminium amachepa pomwe akutseka, ndipo pali mafuta othilira khoma lamkati mwa crystallizele, chifukwa chassinur chimatsika, aluminium aluminium imakwera ma crystaldurle. Pali bwalo lamadzi ozizira mabowo m'munsi mwa crystalizer, ndipo madzi ozizira amatha kuwathirira mpaka kuthawa. Pamwamba pa aluminiyamu indot imalumikizidwa kuzirala kwa sekondale mpaka isayansi yonse itaponyedwa.

Mikwingwala yoyesayi imatha kukhazikitsa zolimba zolimba, zomwe zimapindulitsa kukula kwa tirigu, makina opanga ndi mawonekedwe amagetsi a crystallization. Palibe kusiyana mu njira yoyendetsa kukula kwa inot yofananizira, tsankho lilinso laling'ono, kuchuluka kwa kuzizira kumakhala kofulumira, ndipo mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri akhirtalo atha kupezeka.

Pamwamba pa ingoil waya wa aluminium uyenera kukhala wosalala komanso wosalala, wopanda slag, ming'alu, etb. Palibe zoposa 5 slag stussions ochepera 1mm.

Zovuta zazikulu za aluminium waya ndi:

① ming'alu. Cholinga ndichakuti kutentha kwa ziluminilume kumakwezeka kwambiri, kuthamanga kumathamanga kwambiri, komanso nkhawa zotsalira zimawonjezeredwa; Silicon yomwe ili mu aluminiyamu yamphamvu yoposa 0,8%, ndipo kusungunuka kwa aluminiyamu kumapangidwa, ndipo kuchuluka kwa madzi ozizira kumapangika, kapena kuchuluka kwa madzi ozizira sikokwanira. Pamene mawonekedwe a nkhungu ndi okhwima kapena opanda mafuta amagwiritsidwa ntchito, pansi ndi ngodya za ingwo zimasweka.

② slag kuluma. Kuphatikizika kwa slag pamtunda wa waya wa aluminium kumachitika chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwa ma alumini alumini, kukwapula kwa filimu ya oxide pamwamba pa aluminiyamu, ndi scum pamtunda kulowa kumbali ya inot. Nthawi zina mafuta onunkhira amapatsanso slag. Chingwe cha mkati chimayambitsidwa ndi kutentha kochepa kwa zisungunuke, mafayilo apamwamba, kulephera kwa slag kumayandama nthawi kapena kusintha kwamphamvu kwa malumini alumini.

Chipinda cha ③corold. Kupanga kwa chotchinga chozizira kumachitika makamaka chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwambiri kwamphamvu kwa chimbudzi champhamvu, kutentha kochepa, kapena kugwedezeka kwa makina opondereza.

Stoma. Ma Pores omwe atchulidwa pano akunena za zojambula zazing'ono ndi mainchesi osakwana 1 mm. Cholinga cha izi ndikuti kutentha kumakhala kwambiri ndipo kuphatikizira kumathamanga kwambiri, kotero kuti mpweya womwe uli mu madzi a aluminiyamu sungathawire nthawi yayitali.

⑤ Mantha ndioyipa. Chifukwa khoma lamkati la crystalize silosalala, mphamvu zamafuta sizabwino, ndipo zotupa za aluminiyam pakristambo zimapangidwa moopsa. Kapena chifukwa chakuti chiwerengero cha chitsulo cha inicon ndi chachikulu kwambiri, kusankhana phenomenon chifukwa chozizira.

⑥akage ya aluminium ndikuwunikanso. Cholinga chachikulu ndi vuto la opareshoni, ndipo woopsa amathanso kuyambitsa maulesi.

Kugwiritsa ntchito aluminium silicon (al-si) aloy
Aluminiyamu-silicon (al-si) sloloy, kachilombo ka SI nthawi zambiri 4% ~ 22%. Chifukwa Al-S Alloy ali ndi katundu wabwino kwambiri, monga madzi abwino, mpweya wabwino wolimba, kutentha pang'ono komanso kuthira kutentha, kuthira kutentha, kuwononga makina opangira katundu. Ndi mtundu wosiyanasiyana komanso mtundu wosiyanasiyana wa kuponyera alumunumu. Nazi zitsanzo za omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri:

(1) zl101 (a) Alloy zl101 Zl101 Kuphatikiza apo, kutengera pa zl101 sloy, kudekha kuwongolera mosamalitsa, ndipo zl1010010 inoy yomwe ili ndi mphamvu zapamwamba zimapezeka posintha ukadaulo woponyera. Zagwiritsidwa ntchito kuponyera magawo a chipolopolo, matupi a ndege, magalamu a magalimoto, ndi mafuta mafuta. Bokosi zovala, zojambula za ndege ndi magawo ena onyamula katundu.

. Ndizoyenera kuponyera zigawo zazikulu komanso zocheperako. Zoyenera kufa kutaya. Mtundu wamtunduwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kupirira katundu wotsika-wocheperako wokhala ndi mawonekedwe ovuta, monga nyumba zosiyanasiyana zamagetsi, mapangidwe am'malo, ndi mapiko am'mano, etc.

. Chifukwa chake, amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zitsulo zazitali za mchenga womwe umapirira katundu wambiri, monga matebulo ojambula, ma vals mutu wa lambani, mabotolo ena a lamba, zombo zamagalimoto.

. Ndioyenera njira zosiyanasiyana zolamira. Mtundu wamtunduwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apange ndege, nkhunda yamchenga ya injini ndi zitsulo zosenda zomwe zimanyamula katundu wolemera, monga mabatani ang'onoang'ono amapindika, ndi zigawo zogwirira ntchito, komanso magawo ena.

Kugwiritsa ntchito aluminium zinc (Al-Zn)

Kwa Al-Zn Endos, chifukwa cha kusungunuka kwakukulu kwa ZN, pomwe ZN NTHAWI YOSAVUTA KWAMBIRI KWA 10% imawonjezeredwa ku Al, mphamvu ya Alloy ikhoza kusintha kwambiri. Ngakhale mtundu uwu wa chizolowezi cha ukalamba ndi mphamvu zambiri chikhoza kupezeka popanda chithandizo chamankhwala, zovuta za mtundu uwu ndi zosauka kwambiri pokana, kachulukidwe kakang'ono, komanso kutentha kosavuta pakutulutsa. Chifukwa chake, mtundu wamtunduwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zigawo zoponyedwa zopondaponda.

Makhalidwe ndi mapulogalamu a zofala wamba al-ZN zomwe al-Zn ali motere:

(1) zl401010101 Zl401 Inoy imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pamavuto othamanga, kutentha sikupitilira 200 Celsius, ndipo kapangidwe kake ndi mawonekedwe a magalimoto ndi ndege za ndege ndizovuta.

. compresses mapistons.
Kugwiritsa ntchito aponya aluminium magnesium (al-mg) aloy

Gawo lalikulu la mg mu Al-mg alloy ndi 4% ~ 11%. The alloy ili ndi kachulukidwe kakang'ono, mphamvu zapamwamba, zotsutsana bwino kwambiri, kudula bwino magwiridwe antchito, komanso mawonekedwe owala komanso okongola. Komabe, chifukwa cha njira zosungunulira komanso kuponyera njira zamtunduwu wa alloy, kuwonjezera pa kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chitsulo chogwiritsa ntchito chipongwe, chimagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chitsulo chokongoletsa. Makhalidwe ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwa ma wambani a al-mg ali motere.

. Choyipa ndikuti chimakhala ndi chizolowezi chomasulidwa komanso chovuta kuponyedwa. Zl301 inoy imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga magawo okhala ndi kutsutsana kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa digiri 150

. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kufa. Mtundu wamtunduwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ndi ziwalo zapakatikati pazomwe zimachitika kapena magawo ozizira osakira ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 200, monga zipolopolo zam'madzi ndi zipolopolo zamakina.

. Mtundu wamtunduwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi katundu wambiri, kutentha kwa madigiri 100 Celsius, ndi magawo owopsa omwe amagwira ntchito m'mlengalenga kapena madzi am'madzi, monga ziwalo zombo zam'madzi.
Kuyamba kwa chidziwitso cha aluminiyamu
Aluminium inot pokumbukira-15kg, 20kg (≤99.80% al):
Aluminiyamu indot - 500kg, 1000kg (≤99.80% al):
Aluminity aluminiyamu aluts-10kg, 15kg (99.90% ~ 99.999% AL);
Aluminum alloy ingot - 10kg, 15kg (Al--Si, Al--Cu, Al--Mg);
Plate Inot - 500 ~ 1000kg (yopanga mbale);
Roundle Spindles-30 ~ 60kg (pa chojambula cha waya).

Zambiri Zolumikizana:https://www.wanmetal.com/

 

 

 

Gwero: Intaneti
Chodzikanira: Zambiri zomwe zili m'nkhaniyi ndizazomwe mungafotokozere zokhazokha, osati monga lingaliro lachindunji. Ngati simukufuna kusiya ufulu wanu walamulo, chonde titumizireni patapita nthawi.